1. Periodic Table Organization Investigative Science Objective: Coloring and Labeling the Periodic Table

2. Periodic Table History In 1830 there were 55 known elements. A few were gases. Two elements were liquids and the rest were metals. In 1860 Demitri Mendeleev arranged the elements in increasing atomic mass order and it created a repeating pattern of their properties. He is known as the father of the Periodic Table NOTE: He did not put them in increasing atomic number….Why not?

3. Arranging the Periodic Table The modern Periodic Table is arranged in increasing order by atomic number. Atomic number identifies the element and determines the properties of the element, number of protons always stay the same. If the number of electrons is different from protons you have an ion. If the number of neutrons is different, then you have an isotope.

4. The Key to the Periodic Table Atomic number = # Protons (positive particles in an atom) # Electrons (negative particles in an atom) = # Protons…if a neutral atom To find neutrons in an atom: Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons Potassium 19 K 39.10 0.8 Element Name Atomic Number Symbol Atomic Mass Electronegativity

5. Step 1: Label Groups/Chemical families and Periods Groups/Chemical Families – Vertical columns from left to right numbered 1-18. Elements in the same family have similar properties. Periods – Horizontal rows from top to bottom are numbered 1-7

6. 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group A: Representative Elements (The main group), metals and non-metals Group B: Transitional Elements

7. Groups are the columns of the Table 1 21314151617 18 3456781112 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Periods are the rows of the Table 910

8. Step 2: Shade major groups of Elements Shade transition elements a single color and include in color key Shade metals a single color and include in color key Shade nonmetals in a single color and include in color key Shade metalloids/semi-metals and in a single color and include in color key

9. Transitional elements & rare earth 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Inner transitional elements

10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B These are synthetic elements Metals: High conductivity, ductile, malleable, high luster

11. 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 These are synthetic elements Non-Metals No luster, poor conductors, tend to be gases and brittle solids

12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B Metalloids /Semi-metals

13. Step 3: Outline Groups/Chemical Families Outline Alkali metals and include in key Outline Alkaline Earth metals and include in key Outline Halogens and include in key Outline Noble gases and include in key Outline Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen families and include in key

14. 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1A: Alkali Metals Group 2A: Alkaline Earth Metals Group 7A: Halogens Group 8A: Noble Gases

15. 1A 2A3A4A5A6A7A 8A 3B4B5B6B7B8B1B2B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 3A: Boron Family Group 4A: Carbon Family Group 5A: Nitrogen Family Group 6A: Oxygen Family

16. Let’s Check it…. Take a look at the shading on the next slide. Let’s review what we just did and make sure your table is colored correctly.