1. TARLA Facility Avni AKSOY 7th IMAC Meeting of TARLA, IAT, 7 September 2015

2. Contents ■ Introduction ■ Main components/sections of TARLA ► Accelerator  Injector  Main accelerator ► FEL generation ■ Infrastructure ► He Plant ► Water/LN2 colling ► Electricity ► Control ► … ■ Research Potential ■ Proposed FEL applications 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

3. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA Turkish Accelerator and Radiation Laboratory in Ankara TARLA ■ The institute which is 4 years old is the first institute established in Turkey as research in the fields of accelerators and related topics ■ We have 16 full-time employee in the institute (11 technical, 5 administrative) ■ About 5 part time collaborator from different universities  TARLA project which is essentially one of the sub-project of national project (TAC) has been coordinated by Ankara University since 2006.  TARLA facility belongs to Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University (located in Gölbası, 15 km south of Ankara),

4. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA Scope of TARLA ■ Constructing accelerator based research facility in order to serve our country and our region within the frame of Turkish Accelerator Center Project.  In TARLA facility we propose; ■ To generate Free Electron Laser between 3-250 µm using 15-40 MeV electron beam and two different optical resonator system housing two different undulators with 25 mm and 90 mm period length ■ To generatre Bremsstrahlung radiation using 0-30 MeV electron beam and three different radiator-colimator setup and study nuclear physics ■ To use 0-40 MeV electron directly in order to make fixed target experiments

5. TARLA layout E = 250 keV σ = 500 ps E = 250 keV σ = 500 ps E = 250 keV σ = 10 ps E = 250 keV σ = 10 ps E =10-20 MeV σ = 2 ps E =10-20 MeV σ = 2 ps E =10-20 MeV σ = 0.4-5 ps E =10-20 MeV σ = 0.4-5 ps E =10-40 MeV σ = 0.4-5 ps E =10-40 MeV σ = 0.4-5 ps 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA ~60m FEL-1 λ= 3-19 µm FEL-1 λ= 3-19 µm FEL-2 λ= 19-250 µm FEL-2 λ= 19-250 µm Bremmstrahlung Eγ =1-30 MeV Bremmstrahlung Eγ =1-30 MeV

6. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA TARLA Electron Beam Spacing between bunches will be adjusted with grid modulation installed on gun. CW Beam 1 mA, 0-40 MeV 3 – 250 µm materials research biophysics biochemistry environment 3 – 250 µm materials research biophysics biochemistry environment Coherent IR Laser Macropulse time structure is manipulated with macropulsed installed on injector. 0 – 30 MeV Nuclear physics Nuclear astrophysiscs Radiation physics 0 – 30 MeV Nuclear physics Nuclear astrophysiscs Radiation physics Polarized Gamma 0 – 40 MeV radio biology detector studies materials research 0 – 40 MeV radio biology detector studies materials research Electrons

7. Injector ■ The injector will be based on totally normal conducting technology ■ It will consist of mainly } ► 250 kV DC thermionic gun (ELBE Design) ► 260 MHz and 1.3 GHz buncher cavities (ELBE Design) ► 5 solenoids and one dipole } ■ Bunches will be created at gun with length of 500 ps @250 keV @CW mode ■ They will be compressed to ~10 ps with Subharmonic (260 MHz) and Fundamental (1.3 GHz) bunchers before they are injected to main accelerating section. ■ The time structure of the beam will able to be manipulated with a macro pulser. The time structure can be modified by grid-pulsing system as well. ■ Ito avoid the field emission to be stored at cathode the gun is bended 15 degree. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

8. Electron gun test setup Experience and problems solved ■ High Voltage  250 kV ■ High vacuum  3 × 10 −10 mbar ■ Relativelly high frequency  < 20 ps jitter, σ=500 ps @13 MHz ■ High radiation  >2000 μs/h ■ Remote control  EPICS & LabView, PLC ■ ……. 7th IMAC Meeting of TARLA7 Sep 2015

9. Main Accelerating Section ■ Main accelerating section will consist of ► Two SRF modules ► Bunch compressor located between two modules ■ 1 mA CW beam provided by injector will be accelerated up to 18 MeV in first linac; ■ The bunches at maximum 18 MeV will be compressed down to 0.5ps (or decompressed) ■ 1 mA CW beam provided by injector will be accelerated up to 20 MeV in first linac ■ The bunches at maximum 18 MeV will be compressed down to 0.5ps (or decompressed) in bunch compressor section. (Due to capture process a dogleg style bunch compressor has been designed.) ■ In the second state of this section beam will able to be accelerated up to 40 MeV. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

10. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA TARLA Superconducting accelerating module ■ Super conducting RF accelerating modules is being manufactured by Research instruments (Contract in 2012 Oct) ■ This module is compact and houses two TESLA cavities It is designed for continuous operation with accelerating gradient up to 15 MV/m. ■ The cryostat design has been developed by ELBE team (HZDR) and is used under a license agreement. ■ Modules will be delivered by the end of 2015

11. TARLA RF – System, Block Diagram ■ Each structure will be fed by individual power amplifiers ■ Each amplifier will have its own driver / LLRF controller 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

12. TARLA LLRF System, DESY design digital LLRF (μTCI4) ■ Contract in progress with DESY for digital LLRF system developped for X-FEL project & ELBE ► Field controller ► heater controller ► stepper motor driver ► piezo controller ■ We will start purchasing all hardware by after contract with DESY 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA ChannelDescription 1Cavity pickup 2Cavity reflect 3Cavity forward 4Power to load 5SSA forward 6SSA reflected 7SSA drive 8Reference tracking

13. RF Amplifiers ■ All NC & SC cavities will be fed by solid state amplifiers.. ■ Process for procurement started for ► 2 × 250 MHz, 1.5 kW ► 2 × 1300 MHz, 0.5 W ► 2 × 1300 MHz, 4 kW ■ For SC cavities we will use 16 kW (18 kW saturated) SSA 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

14. TARLA Electron Beam Parameters 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA ParameterUnitBaseUpgrade Beam EnergyMeV10-40 Max average beam currentmA11.5 Max bunch charge (@ 13 MHz)pC77115 Horizontal emittancemm.mrad< 15< 16 Vertical emittancemm.mrad< 12<13 Longitudinal emittancekeV.ps< 85<100 Bunch lenghtPs0.4-6 Bunch repetitionMHz1313-26 Macropulse durationμs50  CW Macropulse repetitionHz1  CW

15. Free Electron Laser Section ■ We propose to use 2 different optical resonator in order to scan all wavelengths between 3-250 μm. ■ The beam is injected to undulators with achromatic beamlines (dipole-quadrupole triplet-dipole). ■ U90 ⇒ undulator with 90 mm period length and U25 ⇒ undulator with 25 mm period length ■ Besides the length of the periods of the undulators, the waveguide structure of U95 is another main difference between resonators. ■ Preliminery design for undulators 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA  NbFe pole material, vanadium permandur blocks  Roll off filed for max field is 0.04  NbFe pole material, vanadium permandur blocks  Roll off filed for max field is 0.1

16. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA FEL Simulations in progress ■ Time depended simuiation for FEL with 3 µm wavelength  E=38:2 MeV  K u = 0.35  Z r =0.75  σ b = 0.5 ps  No detunning  R 1 =R 2 =5.86  Mirror Reflection ratio=%98 Transverse beam sizes

17. FEL Parameters of TARLA ParameterUnitU25U90 Resonator Parameters Period Lengthmm2590 Number of Poles#6040 Type#Planar Pole Material#NdFeB Undulator Strength#0.3-0.80.8-3 Minimum gapmm440 Resonator Lengthm11.53 Curveture of mirrors (R 1 =R 2 )m5.86.6 Outcoupling hole radiusmmTBD Laser Parameters Wavelengthµmµm3-1917-250 Micropulse repetitionMHz13 Micropulse Lengthps0.5-10 Maximum Peak PowerMW~6~5 Maximum Average PowerW10080 Max Pulse energyµJµJ~3~2.5 Macropulse durationµmµm50-CW Macropulse RepetitionHz1-CW 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

18. Helyum Plant ■ The system will consist of ► Helium refrigerator (4 K box) ► Distribution Box (2 K box, ► housing cold compressors) ► Two compressors ► Warm vacuum pump station ► Oil remover, transfer lines, ► vaporizer etc.. ■ Capacity ► 210 W @1.8K ► 16 mbar ± 0.2mbar ■ Installation and commissioning tests will be finished in by beginning of 2016  The plant is used to cool down superconducting structures down to 1.8 K  Our plant has been manufactured by Air Liquide and delivered by the end of 2014. Installation is still continueing 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

19. Other cooling systems ■ Water cooling  24 ±4 C o  850.000 kcal/h ► For nonradiactive sections completed ► For radiactive sections procurement process startet 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA ■ Nitrogen ► Distribution lines are installed ► Contract for LN2 for 3 years has been signed  270 kL LN2

20. Power network 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA ■ 2 MW main 1 MW backup ((2+1) × Transformer, (2+1) × Geneator, 6 × UPS) ■ We made a lot of improvement for electric network on facility ► Synchnozation of individual components ► Increasement on UPS capacity ► Combinet distribution with busbar ► Automatization ►..

21. Control system ■ Both EPICS and PLC based control systems will be used at TARLA 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA  EPICS  Machine control  PLC  Control of auxialiry systems  PSS  Cooling  Building control …

22. Personal Safety System &Radiation shield & dumps ■ Base line for radiation monitoring system has been decided ■ For PSS design and software we are in contact with SAAS GMbH ■ Door preliminary design has been completed. Expecting to sign contract in 1-2 month. Control will be done by SAAS ■ Beam dump design is in progress ■ Ventilation system has been completed 70% chimney, filter system is missing.. Control will be done by SAAS 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

23. Research Potential of TARLA Superconducting accelerator based electron beam 0 - 40 MeV, 0-1 (1.5) mA 40 (60) kW pulsed/ CW Free Electron Laser Coherent IR Radiation 3-250 µm Material, (bio)physics, (bio)chemistry, medical.. Polorized Gamma 0-30 MeV Nuclear Physics, Astrophysics, Radiation hardness Gamma induced positron spectroscopy Radiator Foil (Al,Nb) Direct Use Electron Beam 0 -40 MeV Radyobiolgy, Detector study, Thomson scattering Electron difraction, plasma studies Mono Chromatic Positron Semiconductors, material, … W Moderator Christal cannelling Compton Back Scattering Quasi Monochromatic X-ray Radiation physics, Radiobiology.. Lead Target Notron Source Fission, material, nuclear physics Bending Magnet THz Radiation Material research, detector study… 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA

24. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA Proposed FEL Stations ■ Proposed FEL stations are: ► IR spectroscopy lab. ► SFG-PP lab. ► Bio-Micro Spectroscopy lab. ► Material research lab. ■ Main FEL parameters are available for these labs ► wavelength range: 3-250 m ► Average FEL power: 1-100 W ■ Each room will be equipped with table-tab laser sources with 700 – 1000 nm wavelength ► Ti-sapphire laser ► Nd:Yag laser ■ FEL and external lasers will be synchronized ► Δσ<100 fs ■ The rooms will have class 1000 standard

25. Conclusion ■ TARLA is the first step of TAC project and will be the first FEL user facility in Turkey and around our region. ■ The facility will give opportunity to scientists and industry to make research about material, biotechnology, optics, semiconductors, medicine, chemistry and nanotechnology as well.. ■ The infrastructure has almost been completed… Only door, chimney and clean rooms are missing.. ■ The milestones of TARLA is ► The helium plant will be ready by the beginning of 2016, ► The injector will to be ready by the end of 2016. ► First cyromodule will be delivered by June of 2016. We expect to get first beam from SRF1 by 1st Q of 2017, and beam from SRF2 is expected in 2018. ► Purchasing components of laser station(s) will be started by next year and parallel to TARLA construction experiments with traditional laser sources will start by 2018 ► We expect to get first lasing by the end of 2019. 7 Sep 20157th IMAC Meeting of TARLA