1. The Baltic, Poland, and Occupied U.S.S.R.: Liquidation of Jews and Persecution and Killing of Slavic Peoples

2. I. Historical Background A. Ethnic Diversity

4. Residents of Durashna shtetl, 1929

5. Jewish farm, Poland

6. Sholem Aleichem’s Tevye stories

7. B. Shifting Political Control

8. Europe, 1900

9. Europe, 1937

10. C. Ideological Diversity D. Conclusion

11. II. The War A. Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

12. Molotov signs the pact. Moscow, August 23. 1939.

13. B. Invasion of Poland 1. German - September 1, 1939 2. Soviet - September 17, 1939

14. German troops breaking through a barrier at the Polish border

15. Racial Policy on treating the population of occupied Poland

16. Memorial Service, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, Sept. 17, 2000

17. Znachki from labor camps

18. C. Incorporation of Baltic States into the Soviet Union - 1940 D. German invasion of the Soviet Union - June 1941

21. III. Reactions to Invasion A. Poles B. Jews C. Baltic States

22. D. Soviet Union 1. Famine-Terror - 1930-33 2. Terror - 1934-39

23. Famine victims

24. Ukrainians welcome German troops, June 1941

25. Soviet partisans in Minsk prior to execution by the Nazis

26. Europe, 1942

27. IV. Impact of Holocaust &War A. Human cost

28. How Many Jews Were Murdered

30. B. Social dislocation C. Territorial changes

31. Europe, 1945

32. V. Historical Evaluation A. Under Soviet domination B. Who were the victims? 1. Poles or Jews?

33. Pawiak Prison Museum

35. Monument to the Ghetto Heroes, Warsaw

36. Memorial Tablet dedicated to Janusz Korczak

37. 18 Mila Street

38. Umschlagplatz Wall Monument

39. The site of the Ghetto

40. Warsaw Uprising Monument

42. Symbol of the Home Army

43. Little Insurgent Monument

46. Warsaw after the Uprising

47. 2. Jews or “victims of fascism”?

48. Ravine at Babi Yar, 1944

49. Execution at Babi Yar

51. Memorial at Babi Yar to “the victims of fascism”

52. C. Who were the perpetrators? 1. Nazis or Nazis and Soviets?

53. Nazi exhumation of Polish dead at Katyn, 1943

54. Monument, Warsaw

55. New memorial at Katyn

56. Khatyn Memorial

57. Souvenir pin from Khatyn

58. 2. Just Germans or Germans with the assistance of the local population?

59. Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland by Jan T. Gross

60. 3. Anyone who resisted the Red Army?

61. VI. Conclusion