1. Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT DepartmentThe LHC Computing Grid – September 2007 Wolfgang von Rüden, CERN, IT Department The LHC Computing Grid Frédéric Hemmer Deputy Head, IT Department 25 October 2007 Visit of Dr Ronald Plasterk, Netherlands Minister of Education, Culture and Science

2. 2 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department The LHC Data Challenge The accelerator will be completed in 2008 and run for 10-15 years Experiments will produce about 15 Million Gigabytes of data each year (about 20 million CDs!) LHC data analysis requires a computing power equivalent to ~100,000 of today's fastest PC processors Requires many cooperating computer centres, as CERN can only provide ~20% of the capacity

3. 3 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 CPU DiskTape

4. 4 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department Solution: the Grid Use the Grid to unite computing resources of particle physics institutes around the world The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations The Grid is an infrastructure that provides seamless access to computing power and data storage capacity distributed over the globe

5. 5 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department How does the Grid work? It makes multiple computer centres look like a single system to the end-user Advanced software, called middleware, automatically finds the data the scientist needs, and the computing power to analyse it. Middleware balances the load on different resources. It also handles security, accounting, monitoring and much more.

6. 6 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Wolfgang von Rüden, CERN, IT Department View of the ATLAS detector (under construction) 150 million sensors deliver data … … 40 million times per second

7. 7 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Wolfgang von Rüden, CERN, IT Department

8. 8 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Wolfgang von Rüden, CERN, IT Department

9. 9 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Wolfgang von Rüden, CERN, IT Department

10. 10 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 LHC Computing Grid project (LCG) More than 140 computing centres 12 large centres for primary data management: CERN (Tier-0) and eleven Tier-1s 38 federations of smaller Tier-2 centres 20 countries involved SARA-NIKHEF Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department

11. 11 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 LCG Service Hierarchy Tier-0 – the accelerator centre Data acquisition & initial processing Long-term data curation Distribution of data  Tier-1 centres Canada – Triumf (Vancouver) France – IN2P3 (Lyon) Germany – Forschunszentrum Karlsruhe Italy – CNAF (Bologna) Netherlands – NIKHEF/SARA (Amsterdam) Nordic countries – distributed Tier-1 Spain – PIC (Barcelona) Taiwan – Academia SInica (Taipei) UK – CLRC (Oxford) US – FermiLab (Illinois) – Brookhaven (NY) Tier-1 – “online” to the data acquisition process  high availability Managed Mass Storage –  grid-enabled data service Data-heavy analysis National, regional support Tier-2 – ~120 centres in ~29 countries Simulation End-user analysis – batch and interactive

12. 12 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department

13. 13 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department The new European Network Backbone LCG working group with Tier-1s and national/ regional research network organisations New GÉANT 2 – research network backbone  Strong correlation with major European LHC centres Swiss PoP at CERN

14. 14 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department WLCG Collaboration The Collaboration 4 LHC experiments ~140 computing centres 12 large centres (Tier-0, Tier-1) 38 federations of smaller “Tier-2” centres ~35 countries Memorandum of Understanding Agreed in October 2005, now being signed Resources Focuses on the needs of the four LHC experiments Commits resources each October for the coming year 5-year forward look Agrees on standards and procedures Relies on EGEE and OSG (and other regional efforts)

15. 15 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department Ramp-up to First Physics Run 4x 6x Evolution of installed capacity from April 06 to June 07 Target capacity from MoU pledges for 2007 (due July07) and 2008 (due April 08)

16. 16 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department Impact of the LHC Computing Grid in Europe LCG has been the driving force for the European multi- science Grid EGEE (Enabling Grids for E-sciencE) EGEE is now a global effort, and the largest Grid infrastructure worldwide Co-funded by the European Commission (Cost: ~130 M€ over 4 years, funded by EU ~70M€) EGEE already used for >20 applications, including… Medical Imaging Education, Training Bio-informatics

17. 17 The EGEE project EGEE –Started in April 2004, now in 2 nd phase with 91 partners in 32 countries –3 rd phrase (2008-2010) in preparation Objectives –Large-scale, production-quality grid infrastructure for e-Science –Attracting new resources and users from industry as well as science –Maintain and further improve “gLite” Grid middleware Partners in the Netherlands: FOM/NIKHEF, SARA, UvA, Groningen

18. 18 Applications on EGEE More than 25 applications from an increasing number of domains –Astrophysics –Computational Chemistry –Earth Sciences –Financial Simulation –Fusion –Geophysics –High Energy Physics –Life Sciences –Multimedia –Material Sciences –….. Summary of applications report: https://edms.cern.ch/document/722132https://edms.cern.ch/document/722132

19. Increasing workloads 32% Still expect factor 5 increase for LHC experiments over next year 19

20. 20 Example: EGEE Attacks Avian Flu EGEE used to analyse 300,000 possible potential drug compounds against bird flu virus, H5N1. 2000 computers at 60 computer centres in Europe, Russia, Asia and Middle East ran during four weeks in April - the equivalent of 100 years on a single computer. Potential drug compounds now being identified and ranked. Neuraminidase, one of the two major surface proteins of influenza viruses, facilitating the release of virions from infected cells. Image Courtesy Ying-Ta Wu, AcademiaSinica.

21. 21 Example: Geocluster industrial application The first industrial application successfully running on EGEE Developed by the Compagnie Générale de Géophysique (CGG) in France, doing geophysical simulations for oil, gas, mining and environmental industries. EGEE technology helps CGG to federate its computing resources around the globe.

22. 22 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department Sustainability Need to prepare for permanent Grid infrastructure Ensure a high quality of service for all user communities Independent of short project funding cycles Infrastructure managed in collaboration with National Grid Initiatives (NGIs) European Grid Initiative (EGI)

23. 23 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 Frédéric Hemmer, CERN, IT Department For more information about the Grid: www.gridcafe.org Thank you for your kind attention! www.cern.ch/lcg www.eu-egee.org www.eu-egi.org/

24. 24 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 High level services and middleware perspectives Scientific results using grid Application porting and deployment Demos

25. 25 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 09:00 Gridification: Porting New Communities onto the WLCG/EGEE Infrastructure MENDEZ LORENZO, Patricia 09:15 Supporting High Performance Computing Applications over gLite WANG, Chi- Wei 09:30 Performance Analysis of Atmosphere and Ocean Model on EU-IndiaGrid Infrastructure COZZINI, Stefano 09:45 Experiences on Grid Production for GEANT4 LECHNER, Anton 10:00 Status of Fusion Activities in the Grid CASATEJóN, Francisco 11:00 Experience of the running HEP experiments in using the EGEE/LCG infrastructure 11:30 Using the Grid - the BaBar Perspective. WILSON, Fergus 11:50 Experience of the LHC experiments in using the EGEE/LCG infrastructure 14:00 Structural Biology in the context of EGEE CARRERA, Germán 14:20 CSTGrid: a whole genome comparison tool for the identification of coding and non-coding conserved sequences. MIGNONE, Flavio 14:40 Alternative Splicing Prediction on EGEE infrastructure DONVITO, Giacinto 15:00 "High throughput" protein structure prediction application in EUChinaGRID MINERVINI, Giovanni

26. 26 The LHC Computing Grid – October 2007 09:00 The CompChem VO and a Grid application for spacecraft reenty simulations LAGANA', Antonio 09:20 Application of Gaussian package on the EGEE Grid to chemical reaction study STERZEL, Mariusz 09:40 Modeling star evolution on the GRID CASSISI, Santi 10:00 PSNC Virtual Laboratory system as implementation of remote instrumentation idea MARCIN, Lawenda 11:00 Dissemination and Exploitation of Grids in Earth Science SOM DE CERFF, Wim 11:20 CNES GRID EXPERIENCES AND PLANS FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS COURQUET, Joel 11:40 Large Earthquakes Source & Mechanism Determination CLéVéDé, Eric WEISSENBACH, David 12:00 Simulations and Offline Data Processing for the Auger Experiment CHUDOBA, Jiri