1. Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell AP Biology

2. Link to Evolution Miller-Urey – cellular components synthesized from early Earth Formation of protocells Fossil evidence suggests first prokaryotic cells appeared 3.5 BYA First eukaryotes appeared 2.1 BYA Endosymbiosis Multicellular organisms appeared 1.2 BYA

3. Organelles A specialized structure that performs a certain function within a cell Number and complexity depends on cell type

4. All Cells Have… Plasma membrane Boundary of cell Controls what enters, leaves Role in communication TEM cross-section of cell membrane

5. All Cells Have… Cytoplasm/Cytosol Semi-fluid substance Where organelles are found

6. All Cells Have… Chromosomes Genetic material (DNA)

7. All Cells Have… Ribosomes Site where protein is made

8. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Small in size (range: 2-20µm) Genome is singular chromosome not organized around proteins Located in nucleoid region (NO nucleus) No membrane-bound organelles Eukaryotes Large size (to 100µm) Genome organized around proteins; multiple chromosomes Located in nucleus Contain membrane-bound organelles