1. Subnetting

2. Class A Address 4 0-127 4 O is the subnet Identifier 4 127 is the loop back address. 4 Each class A address supports 16,387,064 hosts. 4 Assigned to large corporation 4 example 95.27.27.1

3. Class B 4 128-191 4 128 is the subnet identifier. 4 191 is used for broadcasting. 4 Each class B address supports 64.516 4 Assigned to medium networks 4 example: 156.184.3.2

4. Class C 4 192-223 4 192 is the subnet identifier. 4 223 is used for broadcasting 4 Each class C address supports 254 hosts 4 Assigned for small networks.

5. Class E & D 4 Class D –224-239 –Used for multicasting. 4 Class E –240-255 –Used for Experimentation.

6. Subnetting 4 Why: to break a network into smaller and more manageable subnets. 4 How: by borrowing bits from the host section. 4 Problems: –Routers are not aware of subnetting plans. (Can be solved) –Loss of IP addresses. (Solution under development)

7. Subnet Mask 4 Used to filter and identify the network address and the sub network address. 4 How: –Special Format; All the pits in network and sub network area will be turned on.(Continuous string of binary 1 digits) –Binary And the Subnet mask and the IP address. (Only 1 + 1 =1)

8. A Binary And Operation

9. Default Gateway 4 The sub network Connection to the local router.