1. Dr. A.Aziz Djamal MSc.DTM&H.SpMK(K )

2. 1. Cosmopolitant : Aspergillus, Candida and Cryptococcosis. 2. Exotic type : In a specific area Penicillium marneffei

3. A Group of Fungi that cause a variety of systemic / deep seated infection each ranging in severity from subclinical to progressive, debilitating disease s

4. Several Deep Mycoses : 1. Aspergillus. 2. Candida 3. Cryptococcus 4. Penicillicium marneffei. 5. Coccidioides. 6. Paracoccidioides. 7. Mucormycoses. 8. Paehypomycoses 9. Blastomycoses. 10. Pseudallescheriasis. 11. Fusariosis

5. Common species : Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus flavus

7. 1. Sinusitis : Unilateral,non-invasive, maxillary sinus. 2. Pulmonary aspergilloma : Free and mobile Fungus ball in residual lung cavity/tb,interwoven hyphae, haemoptysis. 3. Invasive Pulmonary aspergillosis : With or Without Deep Lesion. Fatal opportunistic infection in certain group of netrophenia, extrapulmonary. AIDS.

8. 1.Sinusitus aspergillus : Direct examination or histological biopsy examination. 2. Pulmonary aspergilloma : Sputum culture. Precipitin specific to A. fumigatus or A. flavus 3. Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis : Clinical outcome, Immune status and fungus isolation.

9. Only on Predisposed patient / Opportunistic. Local or systemic predisposing factors. Persoption not exogenous infection.

11. Causative Agent :Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans ( cosmopolitant) var gattii ( Exclusive in tropic )

12. Yeast : 4-6 micrometer characteristic capsule ext ; 25 micrometer. capsule : complex polysaccharide polymer Glucoronoxylomannan ( GXM)