1. Student Name USN NO Guide Name H.O.D Name Name Of The College & Dept

2.  CONTENTS 1.Abstract 2.Objectives 3.Block diagram 4.Methodology 5.Advantages & disadvantages 6.Applications 7.Conclusion

3. 1. ABSTRACT Visible light communication (VLC) is data communication using light photons. VLC uses white power Light Emitting Diodes (LED’s) which not only provide illumination but also used in data communication due to their fast switching time which send data by flashing light at speeds undetectable to the human eye. LEDs’ ability to transfer information signals over light which is between 400 THz to 800THz of frequency and whose wavelength is between 400 nm to 700 nm makes it a very good communication medium. Inexpensive, commercial, off-the shelf Light emitting diodes (LED’s) has good energy efficiency, power reduction, durability, size reduction. A lot of research is being done to make this technology available for commercial use in various fields including Internet access and vehicle-to-road communication using traffic signal lights. From review of the literature it became evident that work should be done to look into the possibility of designing a new model that could fit the present infrastructure for indoor applications.

4. 2. OBJECTIVES Upon detailed investigation of VLC research, it was found that a lot of research is being done to make this technology available for commercial use in various fields, including Internet access and vehicle-to-road communication using traffic signal lights. From our review of the literature, it became evident that work should be done to look into the possibility of designing a new model that could fit the present infrastructure for indoor applications. Therefore, the objectives of the research presented in this thesis can be summarized as Follows: 1.Develop a prototype of VLC and demonstrate its efficiency by using commercial LEDs. 2.Present detailed experimental work on the prototypes and discuss the Performance. 3.Suggest a guideline for the design and implementation of future development of the prototypes

5. 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM

6. 4. METHODOLOGY: 1. OFDM OFDM is a popular multi-carrier modulation technique developed for RF systems able to significantly increase the data-rate in bandwidth-constrained channels. Because of its outstanding performance in RF systems, modified forms of it, such as DC biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) and asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OCDMA), have been proposed for use in indoor VLC systems. Bit-rates of 1 Gb/s in combination. 2. SPATIAL MODULATION To side-step the single-degree-of-freedom limitation of IM, a multi-pint system can be used. The resulting so-called spatial modulation (SM) increases the data transmission rate by using multiple physically-separated transmitters and multiple physically-separated receivers

7. 5. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES:  ADVANTAGES: 1.Harmless for the human body. 2.Data transmission by sockets of existing light fixtures. 3. Alleviation of problems associated with the radio frequency (RF) communication system. 4. Less energy consumption. 5. Increased security. 6. Compact integration of sensors through small dimensions. 7.Huge number of channels available without interfering with other sources.  DISADVANTAGES: 1. To transmit the data it should be in the line of sight.

8. 6.APPLICATIONS: 1.Smart lighting 2.Mobile connectivity 3.Hazardous environments 4.Defense & security 5.Hospitals & healthcare 6.Wi-Fi spectrum relief 7.Underwater communications 8.Location based services

9. 7. CONCLUSION: Visible Light Communication (VLC) using LEDs can become a viable option for last mile access and ubiquitous availability. Visible Light Communication (VLC) present fascinating challenges for using appropriate techniques to construct cheap processing units and high brightness LEDs. Where LEDs lighting technology is being considered as the next generation lighting devices, VLC using LEDs would be promising technology for ubiquitous communication.

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