1. War of Austrian Succession Seven Year War/ French Indian War
AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT
War of Austrian Succession Seven Year War/ French Indian War
Enlightened Monarchs

3. Also known as the Age of Reason
Scientific Revolution laid the foundation for a modern world view based on:
Rationalism = reason is the chief source of knowledge
Secularization = indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration
Use the scientific method to make progress towards a better society
Reason could be used to study and question human nature and society
Philosophe = intellectual of the Enlightenment
Want to change the world
Mostly of the nobility and middle class, most are French

6. Salon = elegant drawing rooms, where philosophes meet to discuss and spread ideas
Usually hosted by wealthy women
Enlightenment influenced by two Englishmen:
Newton – find natural laws, using his methods, that govern human society
Locke – people are molded by their experiences and can change with environment
Philosophes began to question ideas that had been long held as absolute truths, such as absolute monarchy and hierarchy in society
Scientific Revolution Enlightenment Revolutions

9. Enlightened Monarchs
Also known as Enlightened Absolutists, these are European monarchs who sought to govern using Enlightenment ideals
They were able to play with the ideas of the philosophes without threatening their own power
Did not bring about much reform, thought it would take away from their own power
Three well-known Enlightened Monarchs
Frederick II the Great of Prussia
Catherine the Great of Russia
Joseph II of Austria

10. War of Austrian Succession
Rivalry between the Austrian family, the Hapsburgs, and the Prussian family, the Hollenzollerns
Austrian Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI had no male heir so he issued the Pragmatic Sanction
Stated that the empire could be passed to a female heir, his daughter Maria Theresa
Also all Hapsburg lands would remain intact under one ruler
All European rulers agreed to this
In 1740 Charles dies and Frederick the Great of Prussia, followed quickly by France, violate the Sanction and invade Austrian territory

11. Prussia seizes Silesia, one of the richest Austrian provinces
Great Britain joins the war on the side of Austria against France, Prussia, and Spain
Fought in three areas of the world:
Europe
Asia
North America
At the end of the war in 1748, all property is returned except Silesia, which Prussia keeps

12. Seven Years’ War/ French and Indian War
Lasts from 1756 to 1763
Austria is angry about Silesia and wants revenge
Diplomatic Revolution = Austria makes an alliance with traditional enemy France against Prussia
Russia also joins, although they pull out during the war
Due to this, Great Britain allies with Prussia
Rivalries over colonies also played a major role in leading to this war
Areas of conflict:
Europe – all territories returned at war’s end

14. India – known as the Great War for Empire
France leaves India to Britain
North America – also known as the French and Indian War
Britain gains Canada from France and Florida from Spain
Louisiana Territory goes to Spain (for losing Florida)
The war ends with Prussia winning on the European continent and Great Britain winning overseas
The Treaty of Paris makes Great Britain the world’s greatest colonial power
France loses big and wants revenge