1. Sociological Research Methods Review

2. 10 Review Questions 1.Name three types of research 1.Quantitative (Deductive) 2.Qualitative (Inductive) 3.Descriptive 2.Name the four categories of research 1.Descriptive 2.Exploratory 3.Explanatory 4.Evaluative 3.Name at least two methods used to collect data 1.Surveys 2.Interviews 3.Participant Observation 4.What are the two types of samples? 1.Non-probability 2.Probability 5.What are the two types of variables found in research? 1.Independent 2.Dependent

3. 6.What are the three criteria for determining causation? 1.Correlation (association) 2.Time-Order 3.Non-Spuriousnness 7.What is “correlation” and what two types are there? 1.Positive 2.Negative 8.What are the four levels of measurement? 1.Nominal (categorical) 2.Ordinal 3.Interval 4.Ratio 9.What is the difference between reliability and measurement validity? 10.What are the three types of validity and what are they? 1.Measurement 2.External (cross-population generalizability) 3.Internal (causal)

4. Identifying Variables & Correlations As income increases crime decreases –I= Level of Income D= Level of crime –Negative Correlation The less religious a person is the lower his/her income will be –I= Level of religiosity D= Income Level –Positive Correlation The more religious a person is the more likely the person is to be a republican –I= Level of religiosity D= whether or not one is a republican –Can’t measure correlation The faster one drives the greater the risk of getting into an accident –I= Driving speed D=The risk of getting into an accident –Positive Correlation Athletes will score higher on the history 101 exam than non-athletes –I= Whether or not one is an athlete D= History 101 exam score Can’t measure correlation

5. Review Continued Review the steps in qualitative (inductive) research Review the steps in quantitative (deductive) research Research proposal sections Research paper Sections