1. Terrorism Carol Lam Period 6

2. Munich Olympics

3. Eight Palestinian men, known as Black September, held 11 Israeli athletes hostage at the Munich Olympics, demanding the Israeli government to release 200 Arab prisoners and a safe passage out of Germany. It was the first terrorist attack to be globally televised in real time, attracting a large audience. German police confronted the terrorists twice The helicopter that the Israelis were kept in was blown up by a terrorist grenade, killing 3. The remaining 9 were shot to death by one remaining terrorist 5 of the 8 members of Black September were killed, along with one policeman. The remaining terrorists were set free

4. TWA Flight 841

5. Flight 841 was enroute to New York City, from Tel Aviv, when it exploded in mid-air. The plane exploded and crashed into the Ionian Sea, after taking off at a layover in Athens, September 8th, 1974 sabotage was seen as “highly unlikely” by TWA representative, but a youth organization in Beirut with connections to Palestinian terrorist Abu Nidal claimed responsibility for placing a bomb on the plane However, in May 1995, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) will find that the plane was destroyed by a bomb The bomb killed 79 passengers and 9 crew members Although the case was never resolved, a suspect was identified as a man named Al-Jawary who was also a part of the terrorist attack in Munich 1972

6. Ma’a lot Massacre

7. On May 15, 1974, three members of the Popular Front of the Liberation of Palestine snuck across the border of Lebanon to Israel. Dressed as Israeli soldiers, they went to Ma’alot where they entered the Netiv Meir elementary school. They held 105 students hostage and 10 adults The students were forced to sit on the floor at gunpoint with explosives in between them Demanded the Israeli government to release 23 prisoners that were charged for terrorism by 6:00 PM that same day Some students and teachers were able to escape by jumping out windows The terrorists were unable to free any prisoners and 22 students were killed and 50 were injured.

8. TWC Bombing in 1993

9. On Friday 26, 1993, a group of Islamic extremists drove a van with a bomb into the parking garage of the World Trade Center. The bomb collapsed several levels of the building and almost instantly killed 6. Found 3 terrorists involved with the bombing a month later and were sentenced to prison for life Found the mastermind who created the bomb in 1995 in Pakistan. Also sentenced to prison for life. revealed that the bomb was intended to explode and also knock over the next tower along with it Motivated radically by Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman, a radical Egyptian religious leader who operated in Jersey City, New Jersey.

10. Oklahoma City Bombing

11. Oklahoma City bombing On April 19, 1995, Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols plant a truck bomb outside of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The death toll was 168, including 19 children that were in the building’s day care. McVeigh was deeply radicalized after discharging from the army during the Cold War. He shifted from hating communist governments to being highly suspicious of the US government McVeigh was executed by lethal injection while Terry Nichols was sentenced to life in prison

12. Manhattan Attack FALN

13. On January 24, 1997 Puerto Rican nationalist group FALN bombed US Defense builds and Mobil Oil buildings. 8 were injured and 1 death was counted. One escaped to Cuba and is still free to this day while others who were involved were sentenced to 89 years of prison Effected the defense capabilities, power, and financial loss

14. 9/11

15. September 11, 2001 On 9/11, the Islamist group al Queda hijacked 4 jet airplanes and organized 4 separate suicide attacks on the World Trade Center Towers and the Pentagon. Planes hijacked: American Airlines Flight 11, United Airlines Flight 175, American Airlines Flight 77, and United Airlines Flight 93 Casualties: 2,977 victims and 19 hijackers al Queda wanted to express their retalliation to the US’ democratic and capitalist beliefs

16. Anthrax Attack

17. On September 17, 2001, five letters are sent to NBC, ABC, CBS, the New York Post and American Media, and also to Senator Daschle. Editors sniffed the anthrax powder in the letters, and two weeks later people begin being hospitalized. President Bush announced that this was another form of terrorism Bruce Ivins was identified as the prime suspect of the attack, but when informed that legal actions were taking place, he committed suicide A real motive was never uncovered after Ivin’s suicide

18. Shoe Bomber

19. On December 22, 2001 Richard Reid attempted to detonate explosives that were hidden in his shoes. Reid was a British citizen that recently converted to Islam. The passengers and crew members saw Reid try to light the fuse of the explosive and landed in Boston for safety. The doctor on board tranquillized him and tied him down to his seat until landing

20. Chechen Car Bombing

21. On July 20, 2005, a group of Russian police approached a military vehicle in Northern Chechnya after being told that a dead policeman was in it. A bomb in the vehicle was planted by Chechen rebels, and killed 11 officers and 3 bystanders. 30 others were injured, and 5 in critical condition. The rebels had support from outside countries. Russia accused Georgia of harboring Chechen rebels The rebels want to destabilize the sociopolitical situation in the republic Russian government continued to monitor the Chechen territory and struggled to control insurgents

22. Underwear Bomber

23. On Christmas Day, 2009 a Nigerian man named Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, tried to bomb Northwest Flight 253 by wearing underwear with explosives. Failed to detonate, instead caught fire, and caused severe burns He sought out al Queda relentlessly, but they kept turning him away, despite his Islamist motives.

24. Boston Marathon Bombing

25. On April 15, 2013 two Chechen men brought two backpacks with pressure cooker bombs to the finish line of the Boston Marathon. The Tsarnaevs were identified as the primary suspects of the bombing. Tamerlan Tsarnaev was killed in a gun exchange with the police when his brother Dzhokhar ran him over. Dzhokhar surrendered after hiding in a boat Watertown for several hours Dzhokhar was pleaded not guilty and revealed that he was self motivated by Islamist extremists and that the bombing was his brother’s idea

26. Reflection Terrorism has been present in the world for decades, yet there is no right answer to end it. Controlling what terrorists and radicals think is nearly impossible, and addressing terrorist attacks over media can provoke radicals. Countries should work together to find a solution to end violence against innocent civilians.