3. 1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend. 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词性从句的种类

4. 1 、 主语从句 (1) 引导主语从句的关联词有三类 : 从属连词 that( 不充当句子成分, 没有词汇意义 ) That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 从属连词 whether “ 是否 ”( 不能使用 if) Whether he will come here is not clear. 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever whatever, whichever, whoever=anyone who whatever=anything that whichever=any…that)

5. Examples: Who will give the speech is not known yet. Who the prize will be given to is not decided yet. Whose room it is is clear. What he said at the meeting was true. What he said at the meeting is not known yet. Which (one) you like has nothing to do with me. Whoever comes is welcome. Whatever I have is at your service. Whichever (of you) comes first will receive a prize. Whichever you want is yours.

6. 连接副词 where, when, how, why. Where the meeting will be held depends on the weather. When they are leaving is being discussed. How this happened is not clear to anyone. Why he was absent yesterday was that he was ill at home.

7. It 的用法： （形式主语） It’ possible/important/necessary/clear… that … … 很可能 / 重要的是 …/ 必要的是 …/ 很清楚 … It’ said/ reported… that.. 据说 / 据报道 … It’s been announced/declared that.. 已经通知 / 宣 布 … It seems/appears/happens.. that… 显然、明显、 碰巧.. It’s no wonder that… 并不奇怪 / 无疑 … It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge ( 众所周知） / a common saying…. （俗话说）

8. It is well known /reported / thought/said… that… It is clear/ necessary/ certain/ true/doubtful…that… It is a pity/a shame/an honour/ that… It doesn’t matter whether… It seems that… It happens that…

9. 2. 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语 动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） 连词： that, whether ， if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us. 3) He asked how much I paid for the violin. 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.

10. 2).that 在宾语从句中的省略与保留 a. 在主 + 谓 +it( 形式宾语 )+ 宾补 +that 从句 ( 真正宾语 ) 的句型中不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. b. 由连词 and 连接的两个由 that 引导 的宾语从句中, 第二个 that 不省略. eg: He told me （ that ） he would come and that he would come on time.

11. 1 、 whether / if －－ It depends on whether she will come. 介词后只用 whether; －－ I don’t know whether he is lying or not. “whether … or not “ I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. whether 直接跟动词不定式连用，而 if 不能 Attention

12. if / whether 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is _______ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don’t know _______ to go. 9.______ you are not free tomorrow, I’ll go without you. if / whether Whether whether If

13. that / what 1.______ he wants is a book. 2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is ______ we won the game. 4.This is _____ we want to know. 5.Is _____ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. 9._____ has made China_____ it is now? What That that what that what

14. 3. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连 系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。 连接词： that / whether /as if /as though （ if 不引导 表语从句 ) 连接代词： who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词： when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. That’s why I was late.

15. 注 意： 1. 在表语从句中，表 “ 是否 ” 时，只能用 “whether” 不 能用 “If” 。 2. 一般情况下， “that” 不能省。 3. It is /was because …. It is /was why…. 3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. 4 The reason is because /why… that ….

16. 请看这两句有什么不同？ The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. The news that he told me yesterday is true. 定语从句 Vs 同位语从句 1 、 that : 作成分 不做成分 可省（宾语时） 不可省 2 、 fact / news / idea / question / suggestion / advice / thought 等名词才有同位语从句，解释其 内容；

17. The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. She expressed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again. The hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again

18. 4 同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟 在一些抽象名词（ idea ； belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ； news 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明. 同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词 when / where/why / how / whether 1 ) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. 3).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.

19. 1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. 2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night. _______ ________________________________________ ______ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. _________ ______________________________________________ ______ We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.

20. 4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea. 5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view. _______ _____________________________________________ Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online. ________ ____________________ There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible. ____________ __________________________________________ The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.

21. 表语从句 1 ． 定义：用作 ________ 的从句叫做表语从 句。 2 ． 构成： ________ + 简单句 3 ． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 引导陈述句的 ________ 。 (2) 引导选择疑问句的 ________, ________ 。 (3) 引导特殊疑问句的 ________, ________, ________, ________ 。 (4) 引导原因表语从句的 ________. (5) 其他 ______, ________. 表语 连接词语 that whether if howwhat whosewhom because as as if

22. 主语从句 1 ． 定义：用作 ________ 的从句叫做主语从 句。 2 ． 构成： ________ + 简单句 3 ． 引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 引导陈述句的 ______ 。 (2) 引导特殊疑问句的 ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________ 。 (3) 代替真正主语的形式主语是 _____. 连接词 表语 that howwhoever wherever whether whichever whoever whatever it

23. 宾语从句 1 ． 定义：用作 ________ 的从句叫宾语从句。 2 ． 构成： ________ + 简单句 3 ． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 引导陈述句的 ________ 。 (2) 引导选择疑问句的 ________, ________ 。 (3) 引导特殊疑问句的 ________, ________, ____, ________ 。 4. 否定转移的单词 : 认为 _____ 假设 _______ 相信 ______ whatever 连接词 that whether if who what 宾语 why think suppose believe

24. （ 4 ）同位语从句 1 ． 定义：用作 ______ 的从句叫做同位语从 句。 2 ． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为 ________, ______, ______, ______, ______, ______, 3 ．引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 (1) 引导陈述句的 ________ 。 (2) 引导选择疑问句的 ________ 。 (3) 引导特殊疑问句的 ________, ________, _____ 。 同位语 suggestionfear newsidea fact question that whether whowhere how

25. II. Choose the best answer 1.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea ____he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that

26. 4.The news ___ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come ___ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether c. that D. which

27. 7.The question is ____the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 8.They received orders _____ the work be done at once. A.which B. when C. / D.that 9.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed. A.why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because

28. 10. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 11. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if

29. 12. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 13. I have the information ____. A. of what he’ll come soon B. that he’ll come soon C. of that he’ll come soon D. his coming soon

30. 14. --- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. --- ____ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 15.It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time. A.how B. that C. when D. what

31. 16.--- Can I help you? --- Yes, do you know ____? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes 17. He made a promise ___ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if

32. 18. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what