1. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries Improving the knowledge on dioxin emissions in CCs: A measurements strategy Ulrich Quass IUTA e.V., Duisburg, Germany

2. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHY (Purpose of measurements) WHICH (selection of sources) WHAT (methodology) WHO (sampling teams, laboratories) WHEN (time schedule) Emission measurements within the project...

3. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHY? Check compliance with limit values Evaluate and improve emission factors  Check potentially relevant sources  First results for unknown source types  Rise awareness  Capacity building in CCs

4. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHICH? Excluded source types: Waste incinerators Diffuse non-industrial sources dom. burning, vehicular emissions re-volatilsation of PCDD/F fires

5. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHICH? Gas/oil power plants Coal power plants with DeSO 2 /DeNO x Blast oxygen furnaces Primary non-ferrous metal production Dry cement kilns without supplemental fuels Probably irrelevant sources, unless specific indications:

6. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHICH? Relevance Criteria: A. Stack gas concentration (ng I-TEQ/m³) Limit for waste incineration: 0.1 ng I-TEQ/m³ B. Annual emission (g I-TEQ/year) European Pollutants Emission Register (EPER): 1 g I-TEQ/year

7. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries

8. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHICH? Relevance Criteria (amended): A. Stack gas concentration (ng I-TEQ/m³) Limit for waste incineration: 0.1 ng I-TEQ/m³ B. Annual emission (g I-TEQ/year) European Pollutants Emission Register (EPER): 1 g I-TEQ/year C. Stack height (for low flow/ high concentration sources)

9. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHAT? Waste incineration Directive: EN 1948, 1-3 sampling time typ. 6 hours (8 h max) analysis with HRGC/HRMS Campaign duration 4-5 days expensive analysis high measurement costs

10. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries Cost minimisation by...

11. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries...methodological simplification Stack sampling: 2-day campaigns, max. three 2(3)-hour samples Analysis: 1st sample extract split into two fractions: 2nd/3rd sample: HRGC/HRMS (exact I-TEQ- determination) simpler GC/MS (order of magnitude) „Simple“ analysis or analysis only in case of discrepancies

12. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHO? Needed: experienced teams (proof required) 1. preference: companies/institutes from CCs A. Sampling 2. preference: co-operative activities CC/EU 15 3. preference: companies/institutes from EU 15

13. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHO? Needs: B. Analysis experienced laboratories (proof required) good co-operation with sampling team QC analysis by independent lab (e.g. TNO, IUTA or other) Favourable: CC based institutes

14. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHEN? Mar- July 03: proposals of sources (CC institutions) July-Aug 03: priority list/preliminary work plan/ call for tenders (TNO/IUTA/DG ENV/JRC) Not yet measured, operator´s permit available Likely to be relevant

15. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries WHEN? Sept-Nov 03: First phase of measurements Mar – Sept 04: Second phase of measurements Oct 31st, 04:deadline for measurement reports Sept 03: decision on work plan/commitments

16. Kick-off workshop Bratislava 10.03.2003 Thank you for your attention