1. Genetic Disorders By Rachel & MacKenzie Period: 4 Mrs. Bock By Rachel & MacKenzie Period: 4 Mrs. Bock

2. What is Down Syndrome? Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an error in cell division that results in an extra twenty first chromosome. This disease leads to impairments in physical growth that can range from small to large development disabilities. Around 75% - 80% of children with Down Syndrome are born to younger mothers.

3. Personal story Travjuan “Bubba” Hunter was crowned homecoming king in Florida at West Orange High School in October 2013. He, as well as homecoming queen, Semone Adkins, have Down Syndrome.

4. Personal Story These two long time friends were the first special needs students to get the honor of homecoming king and queen at the Florida high school. Bubba and Semone were the winners of 10 finalists out of 800 students. They rode in a parade and came out in a black Maserati and red Ferrari.

5. Personal story Unfortunately, Bubba died at the age 20 of pneumonia, due to his immune system being too weak.

6. Physical features of Down Syndrome  Low muscle tone  Flat facial features (small nose)  Upward slant to the eyes  Small skin fold on the inner corner of the eyes  Small ears  Single deep crease across the center of the palm  Hyperflexability  Enlarged tongue that sticks out

7. Internal features of Down Syndrome  Intellectual disability  Heart defects; almost half  Eye conditions  Respiratory infections  Constipation  Hearing problems  Dental problems

8. Are there mental effects to Down Syndrome?  Depression  Anxiety  ADHD  Autism  Compulsive Behavior  Chronic sleep difficulties  Dementia (mostly in older people)

9. How is DNA effected? With Down Syndrome, people have three copies of chromosome 21 instead of just two. A less common version is when people have normal copies of chromosome 21 with the third attached to another chromosome.

10. How is Down Syndrome inherited? People with translocation Down Syndrome can inherit it from an uninfected parent.

11. How common is Down Syndrome? One in every 691 babies has Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome is the most common genetic disorder. More than 400,000 Americans have Down Syndrome. Over 6,000 babies are born with Down Syndrome each year.

12. How do doctors diagnose Down Syndrome? Screening tests, ultrasound or a blood test during your first or second trimester. These can help show if the baby is at risk for Down syndrome. But these tests sometimes give wrong information.

13. What is being done about Down Syndrome?  Therapy  Treatments  Physical Therapy  Research  Drug Treatment

14. Conclusion In conclusion, Down Syndrome does not have a cure and is very common. Most kids and adults with down syndrome are affected tremendously with just every day tasks, such as feeding themselves. People who have Down Syndrome need a lot of help and care.

15. Citations Stump, Scott. “Students with Down Syndrome Crowned King and Queen.” www.today.com/news/students-down-syndrome-crowned- homecoming-king-queen-8C11405859www.today.com/news/students-down-syndrome-crowned- homecoming-king-queen-8C11405859 10/22/15 National Down Syndrome Society. “What is Down Syndrome.” www.ndss.org/down-syndrome/what-is-down-syndrome/ www.ndss.org/down-syndrome/what-is-down-syndrome/ 10/22/15 Monsanto. “Understanding Down Syndrome Signs” www.webmd.com/children/understanding-down-syndrome- symptomswww.webmd.com/children/understanding-down-syndrome- symptoms 10/22/15 National Association for Down Syndrome. “Facts About Down Syndrome.” http://www.nads.org/resources/facts-about-down- syndrome/http://www.nads.org/resources/facts-about-down- syndrome/ 10/27/15