1. Search Techniques & Using Databases Jane Long MLIS, University of Oklahoma MA, Wright State University Reference Services Librarian Al Harris Library jane.long@swosu.edu

2. How do I get started?

3. Search Techniques: 1.Keywords –Flexible Terms –Easy Searches –Less Accuracy in Searching –Use of Phrases –Use Synonyms

4. Identifying Keywords Identify the significant terms and concepts that describe your topic from your thesis statement or research question. These terms will become the key for searching catalogs, databases and search engines for information about your subject.

5. Keywords: Synonyms Keyword: execution Part of Speech: noun Synonyms: accomplishment, completion, consummation, decapitation, doing, effectuation, electrocution, fulfillment, garrote, guillotine, killing, lapidation, noyade, performance, perpetration, realization, strangulation, transaction…

6. Keyword Phrases Single concept, multiple words Some electronic resources require keyword phrases be enclosed with punctuation by using –Quotation marks – SWOSU Catalog –Parenthesis

7. Keyword Phrase Examples Death Penalty –Lethal injection –Gov. George Ryan –Cruel and unusual punishment –Amnesty International –Stanley (Tookie) Williams Government Bailout –Bear Stearns –Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac –Housing bill –Savings and loan crisis –Henry Paulson –Subprime mortgages

8. Search Techniques: 2.Boolean Operators –Connect keywords only –Must be placed between keywords –AND Narrows your search –OR Expands your search with synonymous terms –NOT Excludes words from your search If used too much, it can work against you!

9. Treatment of employees by fast food restaurants First, narrow down the topic –Which restaurants are you talking about? –What kind of treatment? Good or Bad Focusing on: –Working environment & hours –Benefits & Pay –Promotion & Opportunities –How employees are treated by their peers? Manager(s)? Customer(s)?

10. How “AND” is used AND (narrows) –restaurant and employee –restaurant and employee and “retirement benefits”

11. How “OR” is used OR (expands) –restaurant or cafeteria –salary or income AND & OR together –restaurant or cafeteria and employee –salary or income and “work hours”

12. How “NOT” is used NOT (excludes) –cafeteria not school –income not influx AND, OR & NOT together –employee and restaurant or cafeteria not school

13. Search Strategy Endless possibilities… –employee OR worker AND cafeteria AND salary –employee AND restaurant AND salary OR income –waitress AND eatery AND income

14. Class Exercise Keyword Building Exercise Topic: Conservation Thesaurus.com

15. Conservation management save protect keep safeguard preservation maintenance controlstorage

16. Information— Take a look at what is happening in our world. Did You Know these things?Did You Know How do they affect you? Why are these issues important? Where do we find the information we need?

17. Finding Articles We find articles in periodicals. This includes magazines, scholarly journals, and newspapers Many of these resources are available in print Many are available through our library databases

18. Magazines vs. Scholarly Journals What is the difference?

19. Recap: MAGAZINESMAGAZINES –Popular Info –Audience: General Public Casual Reader –Purpose: Hobby Pleasure Curiosity JOURNALS JOURNALS –Scholarly Info –Audience: Researcher Professional Who Needs to Stay Up-to-Date –Purpose: Goal-Driven –Research Paper –Certification, Tenure –Job Requirement

20. Difference Between Scholarly and Popular Periodicals POPULAR MAGAZINES USUALLY SOMEWHAT SLICK AND ATTRACTIVE IN APPEARANCE RARELY CITE SOURCES. INFO. IS USUALLY SECONDARY, REPORTED FROM SOURCE ARTICLES SHORT, WRITTEN IN SIMPLE LANGUAGE AND FOR A MINIMAL EDUCATION LEVEL USUALLY LOT OF ADVERTISING AND PICTURES PAGINATION RESTARTS IN EVERY ISSUE SCHOLARLY JOURNALS HAVE A SOBER, SERIOUS LOOK ALWAYS CITE THEIR SOURCES IN FOOTNOTES/ ENDNOTES AND INCLUDE BIBLIOGRAPHIES ARTICLES WRITTEN BY A SCHOLAR OR RESEARCHER “HORSE’S MOUTH” PEER-REVIEWED BY SCHOLARS LANGUAGE OF JOURNAL ASSUMES SOME SCHOLARLY BACKGROUND ON THE PART OF READER ADVERTISING IS SPECIALIZED TO THAT DISCIPLINE PAGINATION IS USUALLY CUMULATIVE

21. Now that I know I need articles that are scholarly, where will I find them? Take a look at the databases!

22. Databases are: Large, regularly updated files of digitized information related to a specific subject or field. They are the place where we find articles from scholarly publications and magazines. They are where most of your research will take place.

23. Databases 101: Differences Between Brands & Products EBSCOHost –Academic Search Complete –ERIC –Newspaper Source –CINAHL –MEDLINE Plus –SPORTDiscus Nike –Shoes for… Men Women Children Basketball Baseball/Softball Running Soccer Golf

26. Full-text articles Full-text articles indicate the entire article can be found within the database, no physical searching is necessary. Full-text articles are accessible in the following ways: HTML (displays like a web page) PDF (displays like a photocopy; best for citing info) Linked (hyperlinks to full-text in another location)

27. Moving Toward Evaluation Scholarly sources are concerned with academic study, especially research for individuals such as, students, teachers, professors, or any other professional who need current information to stay informed of changes to their profession or area of expertise. Many scholarly journals are peer reviewed or refereed, that is, these articles have been subjected to a rigorous approval and editing process by other scholars in that discipline. This process doesn’t apply to popular magazines.

28. Periodicals List A directory used to identify the location of journals, magazines and newspapers accessible through the library regardless of format Formats: –Electronic (article database) –Paper (soft or hard bound) –Microfilm (reel) –Microfiche (card)

29. Periodicals List

30. Periodicals List Exercise Is the periodical a magazine or a journal? Does the library have access to this periodical? How do you know?

31. Let us begin to search! 1.Searching Techniques 2.Scholarly vs. Popular Periodicals 3.Periodicals List 4.Databases…

32. Article Databases

33. Citing Database Articles – magazine source Bernstein, Fred. "Architecture That Makes a Difference." Architectural Record Oct. 2008: 65- 65. Academic Search Complete. EBSCOhost. Al Harris Lib., Weatherford, OK. 27 Jan. 2009.

34. Citing Database Articles – journal source Rozsa, Lajos. “A Psychochemical Weapon Considered by the Warsaw Pact: A Research Note.” Substance Use & Misuse 44.2(2009): 172-78. Academic Search Complete. EBSCOhost. Al Harris Lib., Weatherford, OK. 27 Jan. 2009.

35. Exercise Academic Search Complete Worksheet Topic: Use your paper topic

36. Questions? Contact me: –Jane Long 774-3030 jane.long@swosu.edu

37. Thank You!