1. Regional Groundwater Flow

2. I. Introduction A. Diagram “ the water table is a subdued replica of the surface topography”

4. II. Groundwater Flow Patterns

5. GW Divide

6. II. Groundwater Flow Patterns GW Divide Hinge Line

7. II. Groundwater Flow Patterns GW Divide Hinge Line Recharge ZoneDischarge Zone

8. III. Piezometer Patterns

9. IV.Effects of Topography Toth systems of flow local intermediate regional

10. IV.Effects of Topography

12. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones)

13. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones) A.Topography

14. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones) A.Topography B.Piezometer Trends

15. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones) A.Topography B.Piezometer Trends C.Hydrochemical Trends

16. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones) A.Topography B.Piezometer Trends C.Hydrochemical Trends D.Environmental Isotopes

17. V. Flow System Mapping (recharge and discharge zones) A.Topography B.Piezometer Trends C.Hydrochemical Trends D.Environmental Isotopes E.Soil, Vegetation and Land Surface Features

18. VI. Salt Water Encroachment A. The problem

19. VI. Salt Water Encroachment B. Possible Solutions 1. modification of pumping pattern

20. VI. Salt Water Encroachment B. Possible Solutions 2. artificial recharge

21. 3. pumping troughs

22. 4. freshwater ridge (injection barrier)

23. 5. subsurface barrier

24. VI. Salt Water Encroachment B. Possible Solutions 1. modification of pumping pattern 2. artificial recharge 3. pumping troughs 4. freshwater ridge (injection barrier) 5. subsurface barrier

25. VI. Salt Water Encroachment C. Predicting the Intrusion Ghyben-Herzberg Principle z (x,y) = ρ w * h (x,y) ρ s - ρ w

26. VI. Salt Water Encroachment C. Predicting the Intrusion Ghyben-Herzberg Principle z (x,y) = ρ w * h (x,y) ρ s - ρ w If ρ s = 1.025; ρ w = 1.000 then z (x,y) = 40h (x,y)