1. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Reaction of the oceanic circulation to increased melt water flux from Greenland - a test case for ocean general circulation models Rüdiger Gerdes Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Bremerhaven, Germany Stephen M. Griffies, and William Hurlin Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ „... premise that proposing a set of interesting and feasible experiments, and illustrating the behavior of a suite of models run within the CORE framework, can provoke discussion and debate leading to general scientific convergence onto a common experimental protocol.“

2. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Original motivation

3. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart How much does the oceanic component contribute to the different sensitivities of the THC in climate models under increasing GHG? => Water hosing experiments in CMIP; we wanted to do similar experiments with ocean-only models

4. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Additional motivation

5. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart A serious problem of perturbation experiments in stand alone ocean-sea ice models is their sensitivity to the form of the surface boundary conditions. The feedbacks involving the atmospheric response to changes in oceanic heat transport are especially important. For example, ocean models under mixed boundary conditions can exhibit unrealistic sensitivity with respect to surface fresh water flux anomalies. The high sensitivity is caused by the positive salinity advection feedback. In nature and in fully coupled models this feedback is counterbalanced by the negative temperature advection feedback which is suppressed under mixed boundary conditions. The temperature advection feedback requires a response in atmospheric temperatures to changes in ocean heat transport.

6. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Currently used boundary conditions are sub-optimal: mixed control control EBM control EBM mixed SPLIT restor

7. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart This also applies to hindcast simulations Example: Arctic Liquid fresh water content “The dependence of OGCM sensitivity on the surface boundary conditions is a general problem as it affects all ocean variability experiments to some degree. Ocean modellers need to find a solution to this problem when future variability experiments should be acceptable to the climate community.”

8. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Karcher et al., 2004

9. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart “It seems to be necessary and worthwhile to develop and improve simple atmospheric components to be used in ocean-sea ice experiments with variable or anomalous forcing. The CORE experiments can provide a common experimental frame work to compare and validate such efforts.“

10. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart CORE III protocol

11. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Surface forcing: As in CORE I plus fresh water flux anomaly of 0.1Sv around Greenland:

12. Nov.8, 2005CORE III protocol, Hobart Duration of experiment Spin-up with normal year (CORE I) Determine fresh water flux F R from restoring (average over last 20 years) Repeat last 100 years with fresh water flux anomaly (and F R ) Recovery phase Optional Additional tracers S 1 Atmosphere: Anomaly EBM?