1. Lawrence Kohlberg Theory of moral development 1927- -1987

2. Getting to know Kohlberg 1927-1987 Born into wealth volunteered as a sailor in WW2 attended Philips Academy as a teenager(known more for his mischief and not his scholarship) After graduating he enrolled as an engineer on a carrier ship he smuggled Jewish people from Europe to Palestine (put beds in banana crates) after returning from war Kohlberg enrolled at the University of Chicago He completed his bachelors degree in just one year (1949) (age 23) He grew increasingly fascinated in the cognitive development work prospected by Swiss theorist Jean Piaget 1958-1986 taught at the University of Chicago -primarily affiliated with the committee on human development

3. cont. He got married and had 2 children 1968 accepted a position at Harvard University taught both education and social psychology 1969- visited Israel and was inspired by the moral development of children who went through the journey know as the kibbutz this experience inspired him to create a “just community” the “just communities” were mainly in primary schools and in some prisons (1 st just community was in The Cluster School) “Just communities”= were school environments in which students were encouraged and supported to form relationships of basic trust and respect with one another, and these school communities provided students the opportunity to be self-governed, and encouraged a democratic form of government within each community.

4. Saying goodbye to Kohlberg In 1971-contracted a tropical disease while completing research in Belize – causing physical pain and depression – persisted for 6 years January 19 th 1987 Kohlberg took a one day leave of absence from the hospital who was giving him treatment for his illness he then drove himself to the coast and drowned himself January 19 th is not declared the definite day of death a year later they pulled Dr. Kohlberg's body out of the Boston harbor 600 Harvard students gathered and declared April 15 th as Lawrence Kohlberg Day

5. What he believed Could only progress through the stages one at a time no “jumping” stages present people with moral dilemmas to help obtain a higher level Kohlberg +Piaget = most moral development poccurs through social interaction.

6. The 6 stages of thinking These 6 stages are the broken down bits of the 3 levels of development.

8. 3 levels of development level 1= the pre-convention level Level 2= the conventional level Level 3= the post-conventional level

9. The 1 st level of thinking Generally found at the elementary age This is when people behave to the socially acceptable norm because they are told to by an authoritative figure compelled by a threat or punishment characterized by a view that the right behavior means acting in one’s own best interest

10. The 2 nd level of thinking an attitude which seeks to do what will gain the approval of others one oriented to abiding by the law and responding to the obligations of duty

11. The 3 rd level of thinking understanding of social mutuality and a genuine interest in the welfare of others based on respect for universal principle and the demands of individual conscience “while Kohlberg always believes that the 6 th stage exists and had some nominees for it, he could never get enough subjects to define it, much less observe their movements to it.

12. Examples of Stages 1 Through 6 The following are examples of each stage at each of Kohlberg's levels. ********************************************************* Stage 1: I do not say bad words because if I do, mommy will get mad at me. Stage 2: For a cookie, I will pick up my toys. Stage 3: I do not eat in class because my teacher does not like it. Stage 4: I do not talk during a fire drill because that is one of the rules. Stage 5: I pay taxes because it is the law. Stage 6: I pay taxes not because it is the law, but because it is the right thing to do.

13. Kohlberg suggest that over 50% of late adolescents and adults are capable of full formal reasoning Only 10% of these adults display principles of stages 5&6 of moral reasoning found that maturity of moral judgment is not highly related to IQ or verbal intelligence His model has been criticized because it focuses on moral reasoning rather than actual behavior as well as it tends to represent only males

14. Watching Kohlberg’s theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgjuS6O7ji 8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgjuS6O7ji 8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxDx0wC 3KhY =AP psychology project http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxDx0wC 3KhY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77uRQeu_ pUQ =Rafe Esquith http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77uRQeu_ pUQ

15. References http://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/kohlbe rg01bk.htm http://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/kohlbe rg01bk.htm http://faculty.plts.edu/gpence/html/kohlberg. htm http://faculty.plts.edu/gpence/html/kohlberg. htm http://relong.myweb.uga.edu/ Parkay, Forrest: becoming a teacher pg 297- 298