1. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Heavy metal pollution assessment within EMEP Oleg Travnikov on behalf of MSC-E and CCC

2. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Monitoring of heavy metals within EMEP (1.1.1-1.1.3) Operational modelling of HM transboundary pollution within EMEP region (1.3.2b) Assessment of long-term changes of HM transboundary pollution (1990-2012) (1.1.4, 1.3.2b) Country-scale pollution assessment – Case studies (1.3.5) Research & development:  Transition of the modelling system to the new EMEP grid (1.3.4)  Study of Hg interaction with atmospheric aerosol (1.3.8c)  Update of wind re-suspension scheme for heavy metals (1.3.8c) Scientific co-operation with subsidiary bodies, international organizations and programmes (1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.1.7) EMEP activities on heavy metals in 2015

3. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Monitoring of heavy metals within EMEP (1.1.1-1.1.3) Operational modelling of HM transboundary pollution within EMEP region (1.3.2b) Assessment of long-term changes of HM transboundary pollution (1990-2012) (1.1.4, 1.3.2b) Country-scale pollution assessment – Case studies (1.3.5) Research & development:  Transition of the modelling system to the new EMEP grid (1.3.4)  Study of Hg interaction with atmospheric aerosol (1.3.8c)  Update of wind re-suspension scheme for heavy metals (1.3.8c) Scientific co-operation with subsidiary bodies, international organizations and programmes (1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.1.7) EMEP activities on heavy metals in 2015

4. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Country-scale pollution assessment Case studies of HM pollution in selected EMEP countries Approach: Evaluation of pollution levels in a country with fine spatial resolution involving variety of national data Benefits: Detailed emissions data (fine resolution, source categories, LPS) Additional measurements from national monitoring networks Participation of national experts in joint analysis of the results Countries involved: Country Czech RepCroatiaNetherlandsBelarusPoland Status complete in progressplaned Croatia Netherlands Czech Republic Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Belarus

5. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Pb emissions in Belarus in 2010 Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Emissions data (lead): Gridded emissions - 10×10 km 2 Source categories Large-point sources Monitoring data: National background (1 site) National urban (19 sites) EMEP sites (1 site) Urban background (AirBase, 5 sites ) Compilation of country-scale input information Geophysical information: Meteorological data Land cover Heavy metal concentration in soil - National background site - National urban sites - EMEP site - Urban background sites (AirBase) Location of measurement sites Berezinsky reserve PL5 (EMEP)

6. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Simulations of Pb levels on regional and country scales Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Pb air concentration within EMEP (2012) (50×50 km 2 ) Pb concentration in Belarus PL5 Berezinsky reserve (10×10 km 2 ) 0.111050 0.1 1 10 50 Model, ng/m 3 Observed, ng/m 3 Evaluation vs. EMEP observations Bias = -4.1% R corr = 0.8 F2 = 71%

7. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Pb concentration in Belarus PL5 Berezinsky reserve (10×10 km 2 ) 110 1 Model, ng/m 3 Observed, ng/m 3 PL5 Berezinsky reserve Model evaluation vs. domestic observations Simulations of Pb levels on regional and country scales

8. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Measurements Modelling Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Analysis of model and observations data at Berezinsky reserve Daily air concentration of Pb at Berezinsky reserve (2012) 0 2 4 6 8 1-Jan 31-Jan 1-Mar 31-Mar 30-Apr 30-May 29-Jun 29-Jul 28-Aug 27-Sep 27-Oct 26-Nov 26-Dec Air concentration, ng/m 3 Berezinsky reserve 27-29 Apr 2012 04-08 Mar 2012 Elevated observed levels at Berezinsky reserve could be affected by unaccounted emissions in neighboring countries

9. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Analysis of model and observations data at urban sites Pb concentration in Belarus (2012) 0.51210100 0.5 1 2 10 100 Model, ng/m 3 Observed, ng/m 3 Model vs. observations at urban sites (Belarus)

10. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Heavy metal pollution in Belarus Analysis of model and observations data at urban sites Urban observations of Pb in European countries (AirBase) -20 0 20 40 60 Belarus Poland Czech Rep. Germany Spain Pb air concentrations, ng/m 3 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Belarus Poland Czech Rep. Germany Spain Mean emission flux, kg/km 2 /y Mean emission flux of Pb in European countries Location of urban sites Base map: Pb emissions flux (2012) National emission data for Belarus can still contain significant uncertainties. Co-operation with TFEIP is encouraged

11. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Case studies: Next steps Co-operation with TFMM Items 1.3.5, 1.1.9 Continue analysis of Pb pollution levels in Belarus involving the inverse modelling and construction of emission scenarios Extend the scope of the analysis including information and experts from neighboring countries (e.g. Poland, the Russian Federation, Ukraine) Finalize the study preparing country-specific information for Belarus with fine spatial resolution Initiate a pilot study on heavy metal pollution for Poland Case study for Belarus can serve as a test approach of pollution assessment in other EECCA countries

12. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 EMEP/MSC-E performs general coordination of the study and leads Hg model assessment on a global scale Objectives: Multi-model study of Hg emissions and atmospheric processes Evaluation of model performance against global measurement data Assessment of Hg intercontinental transport and future scenarios Participating models: ModelInstitution GLEMOSEMEP ECHMERITCNR-IIA (Italy) CMAQ-HgHZG (Germany) WRF-ChemCNR-IIA (Italy) GEOS-ChemMIT (USA) GEM-MACH-HgEnvironment Canada p-TOMCATCambridge (UK) Multi-model assessment of Hg Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.6.2, 1.6.3 Scientific co-operation Hg processes in the atmosphere Co-operation with EU GMOS and TF HTAP project

13. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Multi-model assessment of Hg Monitoring networks for Hg: EMEP (Europe) NADP/MDN (USA/Canada) AMNet (USA) NAtChem (Canada) GMOS (global) GMOS partners: Measurement data used for the analysis (2013) Scientific co-operation Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.6.2, 1.6.3 More close co-operation between EMEP and other monitoring programs is required to get access to measurement data Location of monitoring sites EMEP GEM/TGM in air (31 sites) Wet deposition (135 sites) GEM, GOM, PBM in air (25 sites)

14. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Multi-model assessment of Hg GLEMOS GEOS-Chem GEM-MACH-HgECHMERIT Simulations of Hg air concentration (2013) Scientific co-operation Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.6.2, 1.6.3 Model ensemble Ensemble vs. observations

15. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Industrial sources Hg deposition from different emission sectors (2013) Stationary combustion Multi-model assessment of Hg Intentional use and product waste Speciation of global Hg emissions 0300600900 Intentional use & product waste Industrial sources Stationary combustion Hg emission, t/y Hg 0 HgII gas HgII part Scientific co-operation Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.3.8c, 1.6.2

16. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Future changes of mercury pollution Model evaluation of future emission scenarios (2035) Hg emission scenarios for 2035: ‘Current Policy’ scenario (CP 2035) Governmental policies and measures existing in 2010 have been adopted, including those that have not been fully implemented ‘New Policy’ scenario (NP 2035) Policy commitments announced by countries worldwide to reduce GHG emissions and phase out fossil-energy subsidies have been fully implemented ‘Maximum Feasible Reduction’ scenario (MFR 2035) Maximum possible Hg emission reductions that could be achieved if no other constraints have been taken into account Anthropogenic Hg emissions in 2010 and 2035 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Total emission, kt Scientific co-operation Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.3.8c, 1.6.2

17. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Model evaluation of future emission scenarios (2035) Future changes of mercury pollution 0 1 2 3 4 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y North America 0 2 4 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y South America 0 2 4 6 8 10 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y Europe 0 2 4 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y Africa 0 5 10 15 20 25 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y South Asia 0 5 10 15 2010CP 2035 NP 2035 MFR 2035 Average Hg deposition, g/km 2 /y East Asia Scientific co-operation Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6, 1.3.8c, 1.6.2

18. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015  International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant (ICMGP 2015) Presentation of multi-model study of mercury atmospheric processes and intercontinental transport  UNEP and Minamata Convention Update of the UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 with new model results based on updated emissions inventory Co-operation with international bodies Items 1.1.7, 1.3.6  Final GMOS Plenary Meeting (Brussels, 17-18 Sep, 2015) Overview of GMOS activities on mercury model assessment on a global scale

19. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Workplan elements on HMs for 2016-2017 Assessment of heavy metal pollution:  Operational monitoring and modelling as well as trend analysis of HM pollution levels within EMEP (1.1.1.2, 1.1.1.10, 1.1.4, 1.3.1)  Country-scale assessment within the Case studies (Belarus, Poland) in co-operation with TFMM and national experts (1.2.4, 1.2.6)  Evaluation of HM background levels in selected cities of the EMEP domain (1.1.1.4)  Assessment of intercontinental transport and contribution of secondary sources to HMs pollution in the EMEP domain (1.3.4, 1.1.4.1) Research and development:  Transition of heavy metal operational modelling to the new EMEP grid (1.1.1.7, 1.3.3)  Development of multi-media modelling of Hg to assess contribution of secondary and legacy sources (1.1.1.7, 1.1.1.26c)  Scientific co-operation with subsidiary and international bodies on HM pollution (TFMM, TF HTAP, UNEP, AMAP, HELCOM etc.) (1.1.4.1, 1.3.5- 1.3.7, 1.1.6, 1.1.8)

20. Joint EMEP/WGE meeting, Geneva, 2015 Topics for discussion  Pollution assessment in EECCA countries How to fill the gaps in emissions and monitoring? How to facilitate collection and evaluation of national data?  Dynamic modelling of heavy metal cycling and accumulation in environmental media How to organize co-operation between EMEP and WGE?  Heavy metals of the second priority (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Se, Zn) Should we intensify activities on heavy metals of the second priority within EMEP?