1. Rhetorical Devices
Do you know them?

2. Familiar Rhetorical questions Ethos Pathos Logos Juxtaposition
Repetition
Connotative language

3. Also Familiar
Metaphor
Simile
Symbolism
Anecdote

4. The Art of Persuasion Bandwagon Plain Folks Glittering Generalities
Transfer
Testimonial
Logical Fallacy
Name-calling – ad hominem
Fear

5. … more ..
Assertion
False dilemma
Simplification
Card stacking

6. Parallelism

7. Parallelism Stylistic device that exploits syntax
Creation of grammatically parallel sentences helps reader/listener understand points better because they are “smooth” and repetitious in form
What dangers could arise from parallelism?

8. Hypophora

9. Hypophora
Speaker/author begins by asking a question and then answers the question
How does this differ from a rhetorical question?

10. Antithesis

11. Antithesis Stating what one does not believe in to clarify beliefs.
“There are no red states or blue states, there are only the United States of America.” (Obama)

12. Tricolon and Polysyndeton

13. Tricolon and Polysyndeton
Tricolon – a list of three or a sentence with three parts/clauses “cats, dogs and chickens”
Can be used to build an image
Can be used to unite three pieces of evidence
Dangers?
Polysyndeton – the interjection of “and” between items/parts of a list “cats and dogs and chickens”
Stresses importance of every word individually (rather than as a grouping)

14. Allusion

15. Allusion Using phrases that “echo” another speech or famous passage
Creates an association between speaker/author/platform and …
Something historically valued
An ideology shared with the intended audience

16. Parody
Take a well-known advertisement, text, or genre and mock someone or something by imitating them or the original.
Draws attention to a cultural value
Easy comparison between the original and the parody

19. Pastiche
Take a well-known advertisement, text, or genre and mock someone or something by imitating them or the original.
Less obvious imitation than parody, could be passed off as a genuine example
Draws attention to a cultural value

22. Narrative and Counter-Narrative

23. Media – The Fourth Estate
Traditional division of power:
Religious groups (first estate)
Nobility (second estate)
The rest of the population (third estate)
Media/The Press – is it the fourth estate?
The media is supposed to reflect the state of a nation… but what happens when the media becomes a separate entity, ceasing to reflect and starting to determine public opinion?