1. W&L Page 1 CCNA 200-120 CCNA 200-120 Training Jose Luis Flores / Amel Walkinshaw Aug, 2015

2. W&L Page 2 CCNA 200-120 1.0 Operation of IP Data Networks 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs 1.2 Select the components required to meet a given network specification 1.3 Identify common applications and their impact on the network 1.4 Describe the purpose and basic operation of the protocols in the OSI and TCP/IP models 1.5 Predict the data flow between two hosts across a network 1.6 Identify the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect Cisco network devices to other network devices and hosts in a LAN

3. W&L Page 3 CCNA 200-120 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

4. W&L Page 4 CCNA 200-120 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs Types of Networks There are several different types of computer networks. Computer networks can be characterized by their size as well as their purpose. The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic area they occupy and the number of computers that are part of the network. Networks can cover anything from a handful of devices within a single room to millions of devices spread across the entire globe. Some of the different networks based on size are: Personal area network, or PAN Local area network, or LAN Metropolitan area network, or MAN Wide area network, or WAN In terms of purpose, many networks can be considered general purpose, which means they are used for everything from sending files to a printer to accessing the Internet. Some types of networks, however, serve a very particular purpose. Some of the different networks based on their main purpose are: Storage area network, or SAN Enterprise private network, or EPN Virtual private network, or VPN http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html

5. W&L Page 5 CCNA 200-120 Personal Area Network A personal area network, or PAN, is a computer network organized around an individual person within a single building. This could be inside a small office or residence. A typical PAN would include one or more computers, telephones, peripheral devices, video game consoles and other personal entertainment devices. If multiple individuals use the same network within a residence, the network is sometimes referred to as a home area network, or HAN. In a very typical setup, a residence will have a single wired Internet connection connected to a modem. This modem then provides both wired and wireless connections for multiple devices. The network is typically managed from a single computer but can be accessed from any device. This type of network provides great flexibility. For example, it allows you to: Send a document to the printer in the office upstairs while you are sitting on the couch with your laptop. Upload the photo from your cell phone to your desktop computer. Watch movies from an online streaming service to your TV. If this sounds familiar to you, you likely have a PAN in your house without having called it by its name. http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

6. W&L Page 6 CCNA 200-120 Local Area Network A local area network, or LAN, consists of a computer network at a single site, typically an individual office building. A LAN is very useful for sharing resources, such as data storage and printers. LANs can be built with relatively inexpensive hardware, such as hubs, network adapters and Ethernet cables. The smallest LAN may only use two computers, while larger LANs can accommodate thousands of computers. A LAN typically relies mostly on wired connections for increased speed and security, but wireless connections can also be part of a LAN. High speed and relatively low cost are the defining characteristics of LANs. LANs are typically used for single sites where people need to share resources among themselves but not with the rest of the outside world. Think of an office building where everybody should be able to access files on a central server or be able to print a document to one or more central printers. Those tasks should be easy for everybody working in the same office, but you would not want somebody just walking outside to be able to send a document to the printer from their cell phone! If a local area network, or LAN, is entirely wireless, it is referred to as a wireless local area network, or WLAN. http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

7. W&L Page 7 CCNA 200-120 Metropolitan Area Network A metropolitan area network, or MAN, consists of a computer network across an entire city, college campus or small region. A MAN is larger than a LAN, which is typically limited to a single building or site. Depending on the configuration, this type of network can cover an area from several miles to tens of miles. A MAN is often used to connect several LANs together to form a bigger network. When this type of network is specifically designed for a college campus, it is sometimes referred to as a campus area network, or CAN. Wide Area Network A wide area network, or WAN, occupies a very large area, such as an entire country or the entire world. A WAN can contain multiple smaller networks, such as LANs or MANs. The Internet is the best-known example of a public WAN. http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

8. W&L Page 8 CCNA 200-120 Private Networks One of the benefits of networks like PAN and LAN is that they can be kept entirely private by restricting some communications to the connections within the network. This means that those communications never go over the Internet. For example, using a LAN, an employee is able to establish a fast and secure connection to a company database without encryption since none of the communications between the employee's computer and the database on the server leave the LAN. But what happens if the same employee wants to use the database from a remote location? What you need is a private network. One approach to a private network is to build an enterprise private network, or EPN. An EPN is a computer network that is entirely controlled by one organization, and it is used to connect multiple locations. Historically, telecommunications companies, like AT&T, operated their own network, separate from the public Internet. EPNs are still fairly common in certain sectors where security is of the highest concern. For example, a number of health facilities may establish their own network between multiple sites to have full control over the confidentiality of patient records. http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

9. W&L Page 9 CCNA 200-120 Note - The traditional focus areas of network security include confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA), in varying degrees, depending on network functions. As network convergence has taken hold, the importance of each of these areas changes. Availability, for example, is no longer simply a binary "up/down" or "on/off" function, but must now consider other issues such as network latency caused by congestion and processing delays. For example, consider the effects of malicious traffic, or even changes in the traffic patterns of one service, say Internet data. This might cause congestion that affects another service such as Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic traversing the same core routers but in a different services plane (as will be defined later in this chapter). Because one of the prime motives for converging disparate services and networks onto a single IP core is to gain capital and operating expenditure (CapEx and OpEx) efficiencies, this perturbation in availability may lead to a disruption in the entire revenue model if high-value services cannot be supported adequately. This is the basis for developing a different way of thinking about IP network security, one modeled around the IP traffic plane concept. http://www.networkworld.com/article/2283224/lan-wan/chapter-1--internet-protocol-operations-fundamentals.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

10. W&L Page 10 CCNA 200-120 Hub A Hub is the simplest of these devices. In general, a hub is the central part of a wheel where the spokes come together. Hubs cannot filter data so data packets are sent to all connected devices/computers and do not have intelligence to find out best path for data packets. This leads to inefficiencies and wastage. As a network product, a hub may include a group of modem cards for dial-in users, a gateway card for connections to a local area network (for example, an Ethernet or a token ring), and a connection to a line. Hubs are used on small networks where data transmission is not very high. http://www.cisco1900router.com/tutorial-of-differences-between-hub-bridge-switch-and-router.html 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

11. W&L Page 11 CCNA 200-120 Bridge In telecommunication networks, a bridge is a product that connects a local area network (LAN) to another local area network that uses the same protocol. Having a single incoming and outgoing port and filters traffic on the LAN by looking at the MAC address, bridge is more complex than hub. Bridge looks at the destination of the packet before forwarding unlike a hub. It restricts transmission on other LAN segment if destination is not found. A bridge works at the data-link (physical network) level of a network, copying a data frame from one network to the next network along the communications path. http://www.cisco1900router.com/tutorial-of-differences-between-hub-bridge-switch-and-router.html A wireless distribution system (WDS) is a method of interconnecting access points (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) without requiring that they connect through a wired backbone. 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

12. W&L Page 12 CCNA 200-120 http://www.cisco1900router.com/tutorial-of-differences-between-hub-bridge-switch-and-router.html Switch A switch when compared to bridge has multiple ports. Switches can perform error checking before forwarding data, which are very efficient by not forwarding packets that error-end out or forwarding good packets selectively to correct devices only. Switches can support both layer 2 (based on MAC Address) and layer 3 (Based on IP address) depending on the type of switch. Usually large networks use switches instead of hubs to connect computers within the same subnet. 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

13. W&L Page 13 CCNA 200-120 http://www.cisco1900router.com/tutorial-of-differences-between-hub-bridge-switch-and-router.html Router A router, like a switch forwards packets based on address. Usually, routers use the IP address to forward packets, which allows the network to go across different protocols. Routers forward packets based on software while a switch (Layer 3 for example) forwards using hardware called ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuits). Routers support different WAN technologies but switches do not. Besides, wireless routers have access point built in. The most common home use for routers is to share a broadband internet connection. As the router has a public IP address which is shared with the network, when data comes through the router, it is forwarded to the correct computer. 1.1 Recognize the purpose and functions of various network devices such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs

14. W&L Page 14 CCNA 200-120 Bibliography http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-networks-lan-wan-wlan-man-san-pan-epn-vpn.html http://www.networkworld.com/article/2283224/lan-wan/chapter-1--internet-protocol-operations-fundamentals.html http://www.cisco1900router.com/tutorial-of-differences-between-hub-bridge-switch-and-router.html

15. W&L Page 15 CCNA 200-120 Q&A