1. 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC1

2. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 2 HCAL ECAL PS Lead Absorber SPD Top View of the LHCb Cavern at Pit 8 IP SPD +PS ECAL HCAL gantry ~13m

3. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science TeaRobert KRISTIC3 Z~2.7m HCAL ECAL PS/SPD Y~7m X~8.5m Y~2.5m Requirements to the Calorimeter System: Preshower (PS) and Scintillator Pad Detector (SPD): PID for L0 electron and photon trigger electron & photon / pion separation by PS photon / MIP separation by SPD charged multiplicity veto by SPD Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL): E t of electrons and photons for L0 trigger (e.g. B → J/Ψ Ks, B → K*γ) reconstruction of π 0 and prompt γ offline particle ID Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL): E t of hadrons for L0 trigger (e.g. B → π π, B → D s K) particle ID L0 trigger => Calorimeters readout every 25ns

4. Electromagnetic calorimeters  Crystals 2.3%/ 4  E  1.9% BaBar (current calorimeters) CsI (Tl) 1.5%/ 4  E  1.2% BELLE 2.8%/  E  0.6% CMS PbWO 4 3.3%/  E (low noise term) ALICE  LAr/Pb 10%/  E  0.7% ATLAS (accordion)  Scint./Pb 10%/  E  1% LHCb (shashlik) Comparison of Calorimeters

5. Hadron Calorimeters  Scint. / Brass ~100%  E  4.5% CMS (WLS readout)  LAr / Brass ~60%  E  3% ATLAS (end-cap)  Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~50%  E  3% ATLAS (barrel) (tiles oriented parallel to the beam)  Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~70%  E  10% LHCb (similar to ATLAS tile calorimeter, but planar geometry, 5.4 depth) Comparison of Calorimeters

6. EGeV EE  (0.83  0.02)%   ((145  13) MeV)/E (9.4  0.2)% Energy resolution of LHCb ECAL EE  (0.87  0.07)% (8.2  0.4)% subtracted noise: 50,70,100 GeV – 330 MeV 5,10,20,30 GeV – 65 MeV Outer moduleInner module

7. LHCb ECAL: uniformity of response (scan of outer module with 50 GeV electrons) Shashlik was a baseline option of the CMS ECAL at the earlier stage Response non-uniformity was a concern: response at the edge ~10% smaller than in the center of the cell (RD36 results) RD36 10% outer module inner module X, mm 20 60-60060 0-20 Response is overcompensated at the edges of the tile

8. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 8 Z~2.7m HCAL ECAL PS/SPD Y~7m X~8.5m Requirements to the calorimeter subdetectors: Y~2.5m

9. FUNCTIONING 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 9 PS détermine la nature électromagnétique des particules et SPD la charge ⇒ Identification et Discrimination e/  Electron Hadron 1 1 0 0 1 Identification e/  /h HCAL ECAL PS/SPD PS Energy

10. HCAL LAYOUT 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science TeaRobert KRISTIC10 support structure Total weight ~500 tons The overall detector weight ~ 500 tons of steel consists of 52 modules (26/side) 1468 channels electronics moves together with the detector read-out electronics on detector L: ~4.2m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~6.8m 1 module ~ 10 tons cabling inside the module and on the detector side One module consists of 8 sub-modules L: ~4m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~0.26m weight ~9.5 tons Readout via WLS Electron. platform Chariot modules Beam plug

11. HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004) 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 11 Raw material procurement of ~ 550 tons of ordinary steel (S235JR) 400 tons of cold rolled 6mm (D) and 130 tons of 4mm plates (CZ) + 20 tons (D) 400 tons of cold rolled 6mm (D) and 130 tons of 4mm plates (CZ) + 20 tons (D) Produced out of coils + cut into pieces of ~ 1300mm in length (~ 50’000 plates) Produced out of coils + cut into pieces of ~ 1300mm in length (~ 50’000 plates) Tolerances in thickness +/- 0.05, Flatness 1mm over L= 1m Tolerances in thickness +/- 0.05, Flatness 1mm over L= 1m HCAL Production with 3 different technologies Laser-cutting – 1 master plate/1min Laser-cutting – 1 master plate/1min First 2 firms disqualified. They didn’t meet the specifications First 2 firms disqualified. They didn’t meet the specifications 40% was produced (B) 40% was produced (B)

12. HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004) 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 12 HCAL Production Punching – 20 master plates/h Punching – 20 master plates/h Punching tool with big hydraulic presses => enormous forces Punching tool with big hydraulic presses => enormous forces 60% was produced (RUS), reliability in dimensions 60% was produced (RUS), reliability in dimensions Conventional machining Conventional machining 5% of overall production only due to time and low dimensional accuracy (RO) 5% of overall production only due to time and low dimensional accuracy (RO)

13. HCAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS) 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 13 particles PMT fibre (front) spacerscinti- llator master Gluing procedure for 1 sub module - 52 Master Plates - 182 Spacer Plates particles PMT scintillators WLS Fibers light-guide (two periods detached for illustration)

14. HCAL assembly 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 14 production rate of 4 modules/month SAFETY IS EVERYWHERE

15. HCAL INSTALLATION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 15 25/1/05 support 11/4/05 1 st module 17/7/05 2 nd half 19/11/05 platform + gantry 15/5/05 1 st half Lateral tolerance within +/- 1.5 mm Front side vertical within +/- 0.5 mm Height at four edges within +/- 0.2 mm

16. ECAL LAYOUT 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 16 signal +HV cables at the back Monitoring System at the front The overall detector weight ~ 100 tons of Pb consists of 3312 modules (1656/side) L: ~4m, W: 0.825m, H: ~6.5m 64 columns + 52 rows electronics moves with the detector read-out electronics on detector Total weight ~100 tons Two halves on chariots + electronics platform on top Chariot Electron. platform modules Beam plug One module 3 types of cells 66 layers of 2mm Pb + 4mm scintillator 1 module ~ 30 Kg 5952 channels readout via WLS fibres

17. ECAL PRODUCTION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 17 Raw material procurement of ~ 100 tons of Lead 99.2% 100 tons of t= 2mm (D) 100 tons of t= 2mm (D) Special requirement was a 3  m thick tin layer on the surface => no oxidation Special requirement was a 3  m thick tin layer on the surface => no oxidation ECAL Part Production Punching of 2mm Lead in respect to the punching whole diameter of 1.5mm Punching of 2mm Lead in respect to the punching whole diameter of 1.5mm Tin addition had good abilities in order to punch => better cut + less erosion Tin addition had good abilities in order to punch => better cut + less erosion Big advantage was - if the punching failed the material could be reproduced easily Big advantage was - if the punching failed the material could be reproduced easily

18. ECAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS) 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 18 3312 shashlik modulesScintillators, lead-plates, covers Basic design:  “shashlik” type  66 layers of 2mm Pb/ 4mm scintillator

19. ECAL INSTALLATION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 19 Steel bands embracing 2 module rows Stretching system for steel bands on detector side Production of steel bands “T-bar” for ECAL assembly ½ ECAL

20. ECAL INSTALLATION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 20 21/3/05 17/5/05 exchangeable modules missing 27/4/05 1 st part of platform  Relative position of all modules along Z within  2 mm

21. BEAM PLUGS + STEEL STRUCTURE 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 21 ECAL Flanges+ bellow Beam-pipe from IP HCAL Straight section Flanges+ bellow Beam-pipe to muons ECAL HCAL Steel structure Steel structure fill up with Lead

22. PS/SPD/LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 22 34 42 Support structures for SPD/PS/LEAD 180MM ECAL platform PSSPD Lead Upper guidance system 42 Lower guidance system 180mm

23. LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 23 lead Rollers and rail External plate Central plate 3850 Beam Al-Pb-Al sandwich with 14mm Pb (2.5 X0) and 2*1mm Al in Z for handling reasons divided into 4 pieces of ~2m length along X for mechanical reasons divided into regions of different materials along Y each piece glued, machined and transported on a special tool

24. LEAD ABSORBER INSTALLATION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 24

25. PS/SPD LAYOUT 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 25 super-module (~1x6.5m 2 ) lead absorber (4 pcs of ~8x2m 2 ) detector half Front view support structure Andreas Schopper 4 super modules per half detector MAPMT+ VFE R/O cables Moving cable trays

26. PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 26 Cosmic test set-up 4 outer (w/o fibers) 4 middle frames Frame assembly Transport cradle 3 Inner frames Assembly cradle piece around beam pipe A total of 8 PS and 8 SPD Super-Modules have to be produced Production Area at CERN in Bldg. 156 ~8m

27. PS/SPD PRODUCTION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 27 - 12000 tiles - 444 module boxes - 16 Super Modules - 6016 channels Side view of upper part Inner + Middle + Outer Modules Scintillator + fiber PS+SPD built from 16 super modules Super module with 2 x 13 modules Outer type module box with 16 tiles, incl. LEDs for monitoring system (no box cover)

28. PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 28

29. CABLE CHAIN 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 29 Test with cable chain prototype PS SPD

30. CABLE ROUTING 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 30 in SPD

31. CABLE ROUTING 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 31 101 reels – PS/C-top Two bundle layer of 38mm 17mm gap left (of 92mm) M1 Cable chain entrance Fixed on modules

32. CABLE ROUTING 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 32 101 reel (top) + 82 reel (bottom) -------------------------- 183 reel total PS/C To be bent like this

33. CABLE CHAIN INSTALLATION 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 33 PS cable chains SPD cable chains

34. What next ? 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 34 Installation phase is more or less finish and detector commissioning starts Installation phase is more or less finish and detector commissioning starts But there are still some activities in the pit But there are still some activities in the pit cable chain modification cable chain modification rearrangement of cables in the cable chain rearrangement of cables in the cable chain alignment of the detectors to the centre alignment of the detectors to the centre aso. aso. New Projects and new CHALLENGES !!!

35. THANK YOU – СПАСИБО – MERCI 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 35