1. Challenges Implementation of Zero Deforestation Agustinus Karlo Lumban Raja Jakarta, 24 th March 2015

2. Oil Palm Plantations in Indonesia

3. Reaching area of 13,5 M Ha (2014) Government has planned to expand to 28 M ha in 2020 Expansion in the forest, peatland, and community sustainable land farm almost 500 thousand Ha per year Triggered by massive global demand for foods, bio- fuels, and other feedstock Promoted as a main state revenue and claimed as best way for poverty alleviation, creating job opportunities, and rural developments Almost 70% of total areas is controlled by big companies and 30% by smallholders in partnership scheme and independent smallholders Lack of transparency and accountability General Situation

4. Impacts Triggered and creating 730 conflict between communities with companies which includes criminalization, killing, eviction and expulsion, sexual harassment, exploitation on labor, unfair partnership with smallholders Degradation of environmental services: conversion of forest and peatlands into oil palm plantations Using fire in land clearing and preparation – creating air pollutions Planted in the river basin – creating water pollutions Opening and draining peatland as main contributor of releasing CO2 and climate chage Destroying sacred area of Indigenous Peoples and habitats of endemic species Conversion of communities land farm which leading to vulnerabilities of food security and food sovereignty

5. Commitment of Sustainability Standard setting: – RSPO – EU RED – Indonesian SPO Internal Policy and Initiatives: – High Carbon Stock – Zero Deforestation

6. Conclusion and Recommendations The spirit of sustainability needs to turn from the words into action Ensuring the implementation of commitment along supply chain with comprehensive involvement from various stakeholders Legal reforms towards credible, sustainable, and responsible oil palm development and production consistent with Human Rights Based Approach Stop issuing new permits and following with review on existing permit, resolving existing conflict and issues Corrective and affirmative actions for affected and vulnerable groups Bank and financial institution needs to develop safeguards which recognizing the rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities and ensuring proper implementations in the fields Involving communities in whole process with promoting and implementing FPIC