2. Use the outline given to you to create the Thinking Maps. Use the other notes on the Power Point to fill in your Vocab List Use your notebook to write down any other info you find significant on the Power Point.

4. Kyushu Shikoku Honshu Hokkaido Sea of Japan East China Sea

5. Japan is located in the Pacific Ocean on an, or chain of islands. Japan is located in the Pacific Ocean on an archipelago, or chain of islands. Four-fifths of Japan is mountainous so most people settled in arable or farmable river valleys and along coastal plains.

6. Ring of Fire Japan lies in a Pacific region known as the Ring of Fire or Pacific Rim of Fire. This region is subject to frequent earthquakes and volcanoes.

7. Mt. Fuji

8. Tsunamis, or huge tidal waves, can sweep over land without warning. Typhoons are hurricanes in the Pacific Ocean.

9. What impact has geography had on Japanese life? Geography of Japan Mountainous terrain Island nation Close to China and Korea Farming is difficult Barrier to political unity Shintoism developed Sea used for food, transportation, isolation, protection Cultural diffusion

11. Shinto Polytheism Ancestor Worship Natural features Trees, rocks, and mountains The World of the kami Minimize sin & guilt Great Creator

12. How did Chinese culture influence Japan? Writing Japan adapted Chinese system to their own language and ideas. Buddhism Spread and flourished Zen Buddhism (a sect) spread Values peace, simple living, nature and beauty. ConfucianismStresses proper behavior, proper behavior,loyalty, honoring parents (filial piety) and respect for learning

13. “Harmony should be valued and quarrels (argument) should be avoided. Everyone has his bias (prejudice) and few men are far-sighted. Therefore some disobey their lords and fathers and keep up feuds (arguments) with their neighbors. But when superiors are in harmony with each other an inferiors are friendly, then affairs are discussed quietly and the right view of matters prevails (do well).” ~Prince Shotoku What philosophy does Prince Shotoku seem to be influenced by? Why?

14. B.The Japanese kept some Chinese ideas, and rejected others. C.This is known as selective borrowing. D.For example, there are Chinese symbols in written Japanese.

15. Japanese Feudalism European Feudalism Emperor - Emperor - Highest position but no political power Shogun - Shogun - Actual ruler Daimyo - Daimyo -Powerful landowners Samurai Samurai- gave protection for land Code of Bushido- Code of Bushido- behavior code Seppuku Seppuku- ritual suicide, rather than live without honor Peasants and artisans- Peasants and artisans- provided food and weapons Merchants Merchants- gained status slowly King Lords and nobles Knights Code of Chivalry Pope Serfs Merchants Merchants- High Middle Ages Later

16. Feudalism Emerges While Japan had an emperor, rival clans battled for control of rural countryside. Local warlords formed groups loyal to them, not the emperor.

17. Real power lay in the shogun, or supreme military commander. The shogun gave land to vassal lords called daimyos.

18. Daimyos gave land to lesser warriors called samurai, or “those who serve.”

19. Like knights, samurai were heavily armed and trained in fighting. They also had a code of values, known as bushido, or “way of the warrior.” Bushido emphasized honor, bravery, and loyalty to the daimyo.

20.  A samurai who betrayed the code of bushido was expected to commit seppuku, or ritual suicide, rather than live without honor.  The samurai would impale himself on his sword.

21. Everybody Else Far below the samurai were the peasants, artisans, and merchants. Peasants, who made up 75% of Japan, formed the backbone of feudal society.

22. Peasant families cultivated rice and other crops on estates of samurai. Some peasants served as soldiers; rarely, some even became samurai.

23. Noblewomen Some noblewomen trained in the military and became warriors. There was no chivalry; warriors’ wives endured hardships and also owed loyalty to the lords.

24. Failure to Conquer Japan Failure to Conquer Japan A.In 1274 and again in 1281, Kublai sent huge fleets against Japan. B.Both times, the Japanese turned them back. C.A typhoon (kamikaze) even destroyed one Mongol fleet.

25. CASTLESCASTLES CASTLESCASTLES

26.  Unlike the solid steel plates used by European knights, Japanese armor consisted of thin strips of steel held together by brightly colored silk cords.

28.  The true samurai was supposed to have no fear of death.  “If you think of saving your life,” it was said, “you had better not go to war at all.”  Samurai prepared for hardship by going hungry or walking barefoot in the snow.  It was said, “When a samurai’s stomach is empty, it is a disgrace to feel hungry.”

29. Similarities between a samurai and a knight are… Similarities between a samurai and a knight are… Differences between them are…

30. FeudalismFeudalism Japan: A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan: Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasant Land - Shoen Protection Loyalty Food

31. Let’s compare European Feudalism to Japanese Feudalism!

32. Japanese Culture: Past and Present

36. Title: The Great Wave Off Kanagawa Artist: Katsushika Hokusai Date: Edo period, c. 1828 Museum/ Source: Honolulu Academy of Arts, Hawaii Medium: Polychrome woodblock print on paper Size: 9 7/8" X 14 5/8" (25 X 37.1 cm) Japanese Art

37. Japanese artists recreated historical events on scrolls.

38. Colorful woodblock prints became popular.

39. Torii Gate, Miyajima Island

40. Torii Gate in Winter

41. Torii Gate

42. Japanese Theater A.Kabuki plays often portrayed family or historical events. B.Dressed in colorful costumes, actors used exaggerated movements to convey action.

46. Kabuki Theater An interior of a Kabuki theater.

47. Chanoyu : Tea Ceremony

48. A Japanese Tea Master A Japanese Tea Master

49. A Japanese Tea House A Japanese Tea House

50. Origami : The Art of Japanese Paper Folding Origami : The Art of Japanese Paper Folding

51. Origami : Modern Adaptations Origami : Modern Adaptations

52. Calligraphy Calligraphy

53. Literature Literature Japanese poets adapted Chinese models, creating miniature poems called haiku. In only 3 lines and 17 syllables, a feeling is expressed.

54. Haiku : 17-syllable poem Haiku : 17-syllable poem Matsuo Basho, Master of Haiku Spring departs. Birds cry Fishes' eyes are filled with tears.

55. Zen Buddhism Zen Buddhism A.During Japan’s feudal age, Zen Buddhism emphasized meditation and duty. B.Zen stressed compassion for all yet samurai fought to kill.

56.  At Zen monasteries, upper-class men learned to express devotion to nature in such activities as landscape gardening.

57.  Zen monks were the leading scholars and artisans of feudal Japan. The temple served as a Zen monastery and a peaceful retreat for visiting shoguns seeking advice.

58.  The elaborate rituals of the tea ceremony reflected Zen values of peace, simplicity, and love of beauty.

59. Bonzai : A Unique Method of Meditation

60. Japanese Garden for Meditation

61. Japanese Zen Garden

62. Japanese Sand Garden

63. Miniature Rock/Sand Garden

65. ARIGATO!