1. Climate Change, Disease, & Immunity in Coral Kevin B. Strychar 1 & Paul W. Sammarco 2 1 Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi 2 Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium

2. Introduction

3. Bruno, 2010 Cook, 2011

4. Introduction

5. Harvell et al., 2007 Caribbean JM Cervino, pers. comm. Many different bacterial populations associated with various parts of coral (Frias-Lopez et al., 2002) Populations change with different environmental conditions (Koren and Rosenberg, 2006) Changes hypothesized to be resistance mechanism for coral (Reshef et al., 2006)

6. Introduction Kerr et al., 1972 Gates et al., 1999 Strychar et al., 2001 Strychar et al., 2004 Bleaching as a pathogenic response…

7. Introduction Types of Programmed Cell Death (PCD) = PCD Apoptosis Autophagic Caspase-independent Anolkis Aponecrosis Apoptosis – Aponecrosis - Necrosis programmed traumatic Who does the lions share?

8. Methods

9. Annexin V PI 34  C Apoptotic

10. Results 36912369 Time (h) Percent (%) of cells in-situ Viable Cells

11. Results Necrotic cells Percent (%) of cells in-situ 36912 Time (h) 36912

12. Results Apoptotic Cells 36912 Percent (%) of cells in-situ 36912 Time (h)

13. Results 28  C 30  C B 32  C Normal mid-apoptotic C 32  C Normal mid-necrotic D 34  C Apoptotic 34  C Necrotic Apoptosis of Symbiodinium from host Acropora hyacinthus E F A

14. Results Apoptosis of host Acropora hyacinthus

15. Summary “Trogocytosis”: The signaling molecules released by one cell act on neighboring target cells (plasma membrane-like transmitters). - e.g. CDKs – cell dependent kinases Next step: in progress