1. Prevent Safeguarding Duty: Adults &Young People Pete Oliphant Regional Partnerships South East England– SECTU October 2015 1

2. Topics to cover Current VRT CTS Act 2015 The “Duty” Prevent Strategy Push Pull Factors Tactical Safeguarding Options Contacts Questions 2

3. Vulnerability, Risk, Threat VRT At least 700 people have travelled to Syria (of which at least 80 are women, including 20+ teenagers) During last financial year 299 people arrested 31% increase on previous year with 100 people charged with terrorism In the 10 years since.... 52 people died in the London bombings some 50 similar plots of the same scale have been stopped. Current threat level at SEVERE 3

4. 1. Woolwich murder – ETF 2013 / 2014 2. Failure of statutory agencies - Prevent Strategy 2011 3. Syria – a ‘game changer’ 4. Ofsted Report into Park View School March 2014 5. Keeping Children Safe in Education March 2015 6. Working together to safeguard children March 2015 7. Need for accountability / holding agencies to account 4

5. The CTS Act 2015 Prevent Duty Sets Prevent Strategy 2011 on a legal basis for all statutory agencies with additional instruments: Adds Channel Guidance on legal standing April 2015 Adds Guidance for Prevent on legal standing July 2015 Adds Guidance for Further Education September 2015 5

6. What is the DUTY? The Duty: Partner agencies must have a “due regard of the need to stop people from being drawn into terrorism”. To Comply: Incorporate the “Duty” into existing policies and procedures, particularly safeguarding responsibilities. Agencies to identify Prevent leads with knowledge of VRT To provide Prevent staff training to ensure compliance of the duty To ensure referral pathways are in place To contribute to the local Prevent Partnership structure and plan 6

7. Prevent Responsibilities: Prevent is not a Police owned Strategy, this perception led to the failure of previous 2009 Strategy. Prevent is owned by the Partnership with lead from Local Authority. The Police should: Share information on local threats with partner agencies through CTLPs Disrupt extremists encouraging terrorism through PCM and Extremist Speakers Policy Support vulnerable people susceptible to radicalisation through Channel Each Statutory agency owns responsibility for complying with the duty – training etc Local Authorities to chair and manage Channel, local delivery boards /plans which hold agencies to account. 7

8. Prevent Strategy (unchanged 2011) The Prevent Strategy objectives are: Ideology - respond to the ideological challenge of terrorism and the threat we face from those who promote it; Individuals - prevent people from being drawn into terrorism and ensure that they are given appropriate advice and support; and Institutions - work with sectors and institutions where there are risks of radicalisation which we need to address. 8

9. Prevent – definitions Radicalisation is defined as the process by which people come to support terrorism and extremism and, in some cases, to then participate in terrorist groups. “Extremism is vocal or active opposition to fundamental British values, including democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty and mutual respect and tolerance of different faiths and beliefs. We also include in our definition of extremism calls for the death of members of our armed forces, whether in this country or overseas” (HM Government Prevent Strategy 2011) 9

10. Push Factors- all forms extremism Lack of alternatives – what do we have to offer them? Actual or perceived humiliating experiences (bullying, cyber- bullying, discrimination on grounds of colour / race / religion) Disaffection with wider societal issues – could be foreign policy, austerity measures, animal rights Lack of engagement in political and democratic processes Lack of an outlet for views /Lack of identity. Sense of injustice Disruptive home life Lack of excitement – frustration. What is the alternative? Drugs? Crime? What gives that person a purpose? Poverty and lack of opportunity 10

11. PULL Factors - Syria ISIS /DAESH is richest terrorist organisation (estimated wealth of over 2 billion dollars) Portraying a distorted version of Islam. (taken out of context) Skilled in utilising social media and producing professional, high quality propaganda, including videos. Promise of better life under Caliphate. Promise of free home, free healthcare, etc Promise of a better standard of living Girls are promised husbands and portray a Disney style “Happy Ever After” On line recruitment videos such as “Flames of War” 11

12. Channel Programme: A Statutory Safeguarding Response Multi Agency Process and Panel, owned by LA (Chair), coordinated by police. Safeguard victims away from exploitation and road to radicalisation. Early intervention to protect and divert people with their agreement. Intervention provision by accredited Home Office providers 12

13. Vulnerability Assessment Framework – The VAF A new framework specifically for the assessment of vulnerability, to guide decisions about whether an individual needs support to address their vulnerability to radicalisation and identify the kind of support they need. It looks at three dimensions: E ngagement with a group, cause or ideology, Intent to cause harm, and Capability to cause harm Each dimension is made up of a number of sub factors 13

14. Full CMIS Vulnerability Assessment 14 Vulnerability Capability Engagement Intent 14.Over-identification with a group or cause 15.‘Them and us’ thinking 16. Dehumanisation of the enemy 17. Attitudes that justify offending 18. Harmful means to an end 19. Harmful objectives 20. Individual knowledge, skills or competencies 21. Access to networks, funding or equipment 22.Criminal history 1.Feelings of anger and injustice 2.Feelings of threat and insecurity 3.Need for identity and belonging 4.Need for status 5.Need for excitement and adventure 6.Dominance and control 7.Susceptibility to indoctrination 8.Political/moral motivation 9.Opportunistic involvement 10.Family or friends support extremism 11.Transitional periods 12.Group influence and control 13.Mental Health

15. National Channel referral figures 28 Channel Panels in the South East of England Nationally, nearly 4000 people referred to Channel since 2007 with vast majority in past few years Of these nearly 1500 were under 18 years of age Referrals from all forms of extremism with only 56% of referrals relate to Muslim religion. 15

16. What Should You Do? What to do when you have cause for concern: RECEIVE – listen to what adult/child says but do not ask leading questions REASSURE – ensure adult/child is reassured that he / she will be safe and their interests come first RESPOND – only to ensure adult/child is safe and secure RECORD – make note of what you have seen or heard and the date and time REFER – refer as soon as you have any concern for a adult/child

17. What Do You Currently Have In Place To....... To Understand the risk? (Training Awareness) To Assess the risk? (Designated Officer make an assessment) To Refer the risk ? (Referral Pathways) 17

18. Guidance / Reference Home Office website for Prevent and Channel: www.gov.uk Department of Education/health/DLG websites Department of Education: Due Diligence and Counter Extremism Group – letter to all schools March 2015 WWW.ltai – “Lets talk about it”. Luton/Beds Police WRAP3 - WRAP@homeofice.x.gsi.gov.uk Local Authority Prevent Board & Plan SECTU Prevent Teams 18

19. Questions ? Pete Oliphant peter.oliphant@thamesvalley.pnn.police.uk preventreferrals@thamesvalley.pnn.police.uk 19