1. Lecture 5:
The Brain

3. Nervous System (neurons)
CNS
Central Nervous System
Brain + Spinal cord
PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
(All nerves that reach your extremities).

4. The BRAIN

5. The brain....
The brain is divided into two halves called hemispheres, which communicate with each other through the Corpus Callosum (A bundle of nerve fibers).

6. Brain structures Cerebral Cortex Cerebellum Brain Stem Hypothalamus
Limbic System
Hippocampus
Basal Ganglia
Midbrain

8. Brain structure/function
Cerebral Cortex
Thought
Voluntary movement
Language
Reasoning
Perception

10. Brain structure/function
Cerebellum
Movement
Balance
Posture

11. Brain structure/function
Brain Stem
Breathing
Heart rate
Blood pressure

12. Brain structure/function
Hypothalamus
Body temp.
Emotions
Hunger
Thirst
Circadian rhythms

13. Brain structure/function
Thalamus
Sensory motor integration

14. Brain structure/function
Limbic System
Emotional behavior

15. Brain structure/function
Hippocampus
Learning
Memory

16. Brain structure/function
Basal Ganglia
Movement coordination

17. Brain structure/function
Midbrain
Vision
Audition
Eye movement
Body movement
Posture

19. The average brain weighs about 1,400gr (3lb)..
Each hemispheres of the Cerebral Cortex is divided into four lobes.

20. Grooves and bumps on the brain surface are called Sulci and Gyri.
The folding of the Cerebral Cortex increases the amounts of Cerebral Cortex that can fit in the skull.

22. Occipital lobe
Located in the back of the brain, behind the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe.
Concerned with many aspects of vision.

23. Frontal lobe Located in the front of the central sulcus
Concerned with reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement, emotions and problem solving.

24. Temporal lobe Located below the lateral fissure
Concerned with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory.

25. Parietal lobe Located behind the central sulcus
Concerned with perception of stimuli related to touch, pressure, temperature and pain.

26. Alzheimer’s

27. Alzheimer’s