3. Figure 8.2, 8.3 8-1 A voltage amplifier Figure 8.2 Simple voltage amplifier model Figure 8.3

5. Figure 8.4 8-2 Operational amplifier model symbols, and circuit diagram Figure 8.4

6. Figur e 8.5 8-3 Inverting amplifier Figure 8.5

10. Figure 8.7 8-4 Summing amplifier Figure 8.7

11. Figu re 8.8, 8.9 8-5 Noninverting amplifier Figure 8.8 Voltage follower Figure 8.9

13. Figure 8.10 8-6 Differential amplifier Figure 8.10

17. Figure 8.14, 8.15 8-7 Instrumentation amplifier Figure 8.14 Input (a) and output (b) stages of Instrumentation amplifier Figure 8.15

22. 08_18a.jpg

23. 08_18b.jpg

24. 08_18c.jpg

25. 08_18d.jpg

26. 08_18e.jpg

32. Figure 8.20 8-8 Op-amp circuits employing complex impedances Figure 8.20

33. Figure 8.21, 8.23 8-9 Active low-pass filter Figure 8.21 Normalized response of active low-pass filter Figure 8.23

34. Figure 8.24, 8.25 8-10 Active high-pass filter Figure 8.24 Normalized response of active high-pass filter Figure 8.25

35. Figure 8.26, 8.27 8-11 Active bandpass filter Figure 8.26 Normalized amplitude response of active bandpass filter Figure 8.27

39. Figure 8.30 8-12 Op-amp integrator Figure 8.30

40. 08_34a-b.jpg

41. 08_34c.jpg

42. 08_34d.jpg

43. 08_34e.jpg

44. Figure 8.35 8-13 Op-amp differentiator Figure 8.35

46. Figure 8.36 8-14 Elements of the analog computer Figure 8.36

50. Figure 8.38, 8.39 8-15 Solution by repeated integration Analog computer simulation of suspension system Figure 8.39 Figure 8.38

62. Figure 8.45, 8.46 8-17 Open-loop gain of practical op-amp Figure 8.45 Figure 8.46

70. Figure 8.52, 8.53 8-19 Slew rate limit in op-amps The maximum slope of a sinusoidal signal varies with the signal frequency Figure 8.53 Figure 8.52

73. Figure 8.55, 8.56 8-20 Figure 8.55 Distortion introduced by short-circuit current limit Figure 8.56