1. Energy Beyond Hydropower Atlas Chapter 13 Figure 13.1 – Energy Consumption No PNW sources of natural gas or crude oil Refining crude oil – 4 north Puget Sound refineries; historic use of Canadian crude; imported crude (Alaska, Far East) Changing supply situation, Alaskan Oil

2. Prudoe Bay Trans- Alaska Pipeline West coast oil movements, Canadian production, Alberta, McKenzie River Delta Natural gas from North Slope

8. Other Energy Sources Wind Solar Natural Gas generators Current Northwest Power & Conservation Council Assessment

9. A wind-farm like being built very rapidly in the Northwest, but this picture was taken near Jaisilimar India.. could be Vantage

10. Alaska Natural Gas Current TransCanada Pipeline Proposal

11. Power & Fish: Current Initiatives Source: Federal Caucus on www Biological Assessment (COE, BPA, Brec) COE studies - Lower Snake Salmon Migration & John Day Drawdown Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Multi-Species Framework 2003: The collision of values - producing power and earning $ and implementing fish programs

12. The Biological Assessment -Hydro A vision by the “action agencies” - e.g. those engaged in hydropower Required under ESA; must report to FWS & NMFS BA requires: (short-run) (1) flow augmentation, (2) reservoir operation to protect Kootenai River while sturgeon & minimize river fluctuations, (3) improved spill measures, (4) Fish transportation, (5) predator control Long run: (1) Breaching studies, (2) Water quality studies, (3) Passage Improvements BA Construct for Achieving Survival Improvements - delayed transport mortality; multiple bypass effects

13. Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study Studies ways to improve migration conditions. Alternatives are: (1) No action (2) Maximum transport of juvenile fish (3) Same as (2) but surface bypass for Lower Granite Dam, minimizing stress on fish (4) Breaching 4 dams, recreating 140 miles of free-flowing river.

14. Lower Snake Study, cont. Effects on salmon and steelhead: Reliance on NMFS studies - PATH (Plan for Analyzing and Testing Hypotheses), and CRI (Critical Risk Initiative) Economic and Social Studies Tribal Circumstances and Perspective Engineering Analysis of Dam Breaching

15. John Day Dam Drawdown Study To study (in phase I) drawing down the first dam below the Snake- Columbia Options include full draw-down and partial COE report

16. Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project Undertaken due to Presidential directive DEIS out, but due to controversies, Supplemental DEIS now being prepared Covers 140 million acres of the PNW, 2/3 of our land area, of which 64 million acres are managed by USFS & BLM Key objective- to determine the role of federal lands in habitat recovery efforts

17. Alternatives in ICBEMP S1: No action S2: A short - run strategy to protect aquatic and terrestrial habitats S3: A long- run strategy with higher levels of restoration, and flexibility, remedies to help impacted communities, and commitment to “maintaining predictable and sustainable products and services from forests and rangelands.

18. The Multi-Species Framework Project An NWPPC project Goal: to link wildlife restoration policy to a scientific foundation. Seven alternatives for the future See NWPPC website for details ? Integration of all these efforts? ? Interaction of the 3 key branches of our government (judicial, legislative, executive), at both the federal and state levels.????

19. 2010: Fish versus Power $ Implementing the Federal Caucus Comprehensive Columbia-Snake River Salmon Plan (Dec. 2000) - habitat improvements away from dams - changes in hatchery systems - no breaching in the short-run of Snake R. dams Key is flow management - e.g. reducing power generation to provide water for fish. Revenue implications for BPA.

20. Fish versus Power 2010, cont. Two “Biological Opinions” undergird this plan, by NMFS, and USFWS – now “remanded” and replaced by new Biological Opinion NMFS - (1) sets goals to improve salmon survival in locations away from dams, and for fish passage, and (2) establishes performance standards for federal agencies. Built-in review timetables. The All-H Paper (Basin-Wide Salmon Recovery Strategy) - habitat, hatcheries, harvest, hydropower. USFWS - addresses bull trout & white sturgeon

22. From the 2008 FCRPS Biological Opinion

23. From Executive Summary of 2008 Biological Opinion Of NOAA Fisheries, Adopted by the Sovereign parties in 2008. Expected to be In place for at least 10 years.