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Intertubercular Plane
Midclavicular Line Epigastric Hypo- Chondrial Hypo- Chondrial Transpyloric Plane ( Subcostal Plane ) R9 – L1 Umblical Lumbar Lumbar Intertubercular Plane L5 Iliac Hypogastric Or Suprapubic Iliac
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Superficial fascia Deep Fascia Superficial Deep Camper’s FASCIA
Membranous layer Scarpa’s Fascia Colle’s Fascia Deep Fascia
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Lymph drainage
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Serratus ant. Latissimus dorsi
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2)Internal abdominal oblique
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3)Transversl abdominal
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Action of Muscle Supports of abdominal contents Compresses abdominal
Assists in flexing and rotation of trunk Defecation Partuition Vomiting Expiration -Tenses the lina alba
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Inguinal Canal 4 cm Spermatic Cord Round Lig. Deep Inguinal ring
Superficial Inguinal ring Spermatic Cord Round Lig.
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Inguinal Herniae a) Indirect
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Inguinal Herniae b) Direct
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Peritoneal Cavity
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Peritoneum Tunica Serosa -Parietal -Visceral Peritoneal Cavity
( Coelum ) Extraperitoneal Tissue Retroperitoneal
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Nerve Supply -Phrenic nerve -Intercostal and Lumbar nerve
-Obturator Nerve
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Ventral Mesentery
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Stomach
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Lienorenal Ligament
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Peritoneal Compartments
-Supracolic -Infracolic
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Transverse Mesocolon
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Supracolic -Gastrophernic Lig. -Greater omentum -Lesser omentum
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Greater omentum
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Gastrocolic lig.
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Lesser omentum -Hepatogastric Lig. -Hepatoduodenal Lig.
Winslow foramen
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Winslow foramen -Ant: Lesser omentum ( Triad ) -INF: Duodenum
-Sup: Caudate process -Post: IVC
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Lesser sac ( Bursa omentalis )
-Stomach Bed
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Lesser sac ( Bursa omentalis )
-Stomach Bed
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Hepatorenal Pouch ( Morison )
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Mesentery
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Infarcolic
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Root of Mesentery
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Root of Mesentery
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Root of Mesentery
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Psoas Major Psoas Minor Quadratus lumborum
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Quadratus lumborum
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Genitofemoral n.
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Laparoscopy
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Abdominal Esofhagus T10 Ostium Cardiacum T11 (R7)
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Abdominal Esofhagus Post.
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Abdominal Esofhagus Post. Left subphrenic a.
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Stomach Gaster Ostium cardiacum T11 (R7) Ostium Pyloric L1 (1.25 cm)
Consrtiction Prepyloric vein ( mayo)
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Fundus Body Pars pylorica
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Coeliac Trunk 1-Left Gastric a. 2-Common Hepatic a. 3-Splenic a.
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Lesser sac ( Bursa omentalis )
-Stomach Bed
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Autonomic nerve
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Ant. Vagal Trunk More from left vagus nerve
-Greater ant. Gastric nerve Gastric branches -Pyloric br. -Hepatic br. -Celiac br.
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Post. Vagal Trunk More from right vagus nerve
-Greater post. Gastric nerve Gastric branches -Celiac br.
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Duodenum Sup. Part (5 cm) Bulbus Duodenal Cap
2) Descending part (8-10 cm) 3) Horizontal part (10 cm) 4) Ascending part (2.5 cm)
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Duodenum Sup. Part Duodenal cap
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Duodenum 1)Sup. Part Post:
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Duodenum 1)Sup. Part Post: Gastrodeodenal a. Common bile duct
Portal vein
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Duodenum 2)Descending Part Post:
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Duodenum 2)Descending Part Post: Right kidney I.V.C
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Vater
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Duodenum 3)Transverses Part Post: Aortic + I.V.C
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Duodenum 3)Transverses Part Post: Aortic + I.V.C
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Small Intestine Ileum Diverticulum ilei 60-80 cm from Ileocecal valve
3-5 cm length Stomach or pancreas ectopic tissue
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Large Intestine -Cecum -Appendix -Ascending colon -Transverses colon -Descending colon -Sigmoid (pelvic) -Rectum
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Large Intestine Right colic flexure Left colic flexure
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- 3 + 2 +++ Meso Tenia haustra Epiploic appendices Cecum Vermiform
appendix Ascending Colon Transverse Colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon 2 +++ Rectum
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Ileocecal Valve -Frenulum Med. and Lat.
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Appendix vermiform Meso -Position Medial of cecum Retrocolic
Retrocecal Pelvic (31%) Preileal Postileal 65% 5%
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Lumbar Plexus
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Ascending Colon 15 cm
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Ascending Colon
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Descending Colon 25 cm
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Descending Colon Post:
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Descending Colon Post:
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Sup. Mesenteric a. -L1
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Sup. Mesenteric a.
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Sup. Mesenteric a. 1-Inf. Pancreaticoduodenal a.
2-jejunal and ileal a. 3-Iliocolic a. 4-Right Colic a. 5-Middle Colic a.
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Inf. Mesenteric a. 1-Left Colic a. 2-Sigmoid a. 3-Sup.Rectal a.
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Marginal a.
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Spleen v. + Sup. Mesenteric vein Portal Vein
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Abdominal Esophagus
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Portal Hypertension Esophageal varicel
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Caput Meduza
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Spleen (Lien) Surface: Border: -Diaphragmatic -Visceral Gastric Renal
Colic Border: -Sup. -Inf.
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Spleen (Lien) Helium
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Pancreas Ant: -Root of Mesocolon -Sup. Mesenteric a. and v.
-Stomach bed
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Pancreas Post:
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Pancreas Post: -I.V.C -Aorta -Treitz lig. -Right renal vein
-Left renal -Left suprarenal -Diaphragm cruse -Sup. Mesenteric a. and v. -Portal vein -Common bile duct
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Surface: -Diaphragmatic (Sup.) -Post. -Visceral (Inf.)
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Diaphragmatic (Sup.): -falciform lig Round lig.
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Visceral (Inf.) Surface:
-Porta hepatis (H)
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Visceral (Inf.) Surface:
-Porta hepatis (H) Sulcus for Teres lig. ( Left umbilical vein) Sulcus for Venosum lig. Gallbladder I.V.C
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Lobe Anatomy and Physiology -Right Ant. Post. -Left Medial Lateral
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Lobe Anatomy and Physiology -Right Ant. Post. -Left Medial Lateral
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Right and Left Hepatic ducts
Common Hepatic Duct Cystic Duct Common Bile Duct (Choledocus)
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Gallbladder -30-50 cc -Fundus -Body -Infundibulum (Hartmann’s Pouch)
-Neck (Spiral Valve of Heister)
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Suprarenal Gland
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Suprarenal Gland
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Suprarenal Gland Artery
-Sup. Suprarenal a. -Middle Suprarenal a. -Inf. Suprarenal a. Suprarenal Gland Vein -Right ….. I.V.C -Left …….. left Renal Vein
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Kidney
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Renal Fascia (Gerota)
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Kidney Ant:
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Abdominal Aorta Common Iliac a. -Coeliac Trunk -Sup. Mesentric a.
-Inf. Mesentric a. -Inf. phrenic a. -Renal a. -Gonadal a. -Middle Supra renal a. -Lumbar a. -Median sacral a. Common Iliac a.
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I.V.C L5-T8
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I.V.C Ant: Right Common Iliac a. Part 3 of duodenum Root of Mesentery
Gonoadal a. Pancreas Part 1 of Duodenum Winslow Foramen Liver
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ANATOMY PELVIS
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Pelvis : - Hip - Sacrum - Coccygeus
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Pelvis Joint
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HIP Surface: -Lateral Acetabulum Obturator Foramen
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HIP Surface: -Lateral Acetabulum Obturator Foramen
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HIP Surface: Obturator Foramen Male: Female:
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HIP Obturator Foramen Obturator memberane Obturator Canal Nerve Artery Vein NAV
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Hip: Border 1-Superior Iliac crest Ant. Sup. Iliac Spine: ASIS
Post. Sup. Iliac Spine
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Hip: Border 3-Anterior -ASIS -Ant. Inf. Iliac Spine
-IlioPectinal Eminence -Pectinal Surface -Pubic Tubercle -Pubic Crest
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Hip: Border 4-Posterior -Post. Sup. Iliac. Spine
-Post. Inf. Iliac. Spine -Greater sciatic Notch -Ischial spine -Lesser Sciatic Notch -Ischial Tuberosity
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Hip: Border 4-Posterior -Greater sciatic Notch -Lesser Sciatic Notch
Sacrotuberous Lig. Sacrospinous Lig. -Greater sciatic Foramen -Lesser Sciatic Foramen
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Sacrum Surface: -Post. (Dorsal) Median sacral crest Spinous Tubercle Sacral Hiatus Sacral Cornu Intermediate sacral Crest Dorsal Sacral Foramen Lateral Sacral Crest
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Pelvis Types -Gynaecoid 41% -Android 33% -Platypelloid 2%
-Anthropoid 24%
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Pelvic Muscles Pelvic Walls: Pelvic Floor: Piriformis
Obturator internus Pelvic Floor: Levator Ani Coccygeus
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Pelvic Diaphragm
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Peritoneum Female: Male: Rectoutrine Pouch Utrovesical pouch
Rectovesical pouch
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Bladder
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Bladder -Apex -Base -Superior Surface -Inferior lateral Surface -Neck
(Posterior Surface) -Superior Surface -Inferior lateral Surface -Neck
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Bladder Peritoneum Female: Male: Rectoutrine Pouch Utrovesical pouch
Rectovesical pouch
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Bladder Neck Male Female
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Bladder Detrusor Muscle Rugae Trigone Interureteric Crest
(Bar of Muscle) (Bells Muscle) Internal Meatus
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Ureter -Pelvic Male
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Male Genital Organs -Scrotum -Testis -Epidydimis -Ductus Deferens
-Seminal Vesicle -Prostate
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Scrotum Nerve Supply -Ilioinguinal L1 -Genitofemoral L1 -Perineal S3
-Post. Femoral Cutaneous S2
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Scrotum Septum
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Testis
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Testicular a.
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Testicular Vein
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Prostate -False Prostatic Capsule -Prostatic Venous Plexus
-True Prostatic Capsule Glands + Fibromuscular Stroma
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Prostate Lobe -Ant. -Middle -Post. -Lat.
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Uterine Tube (Fallopian) -10 cm -Infundibulum Fimbriae -Ampulla
-Isthmus -Interstitial
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Uterus -8x5x2.5 -Fundus -Body -Cervix
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Uterus Cervix -Supravaginal -Vaginal -Internal Os. -External Os.
-Fornix Ant. Post. Lat.
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Uterus -Anteflexion -170ْْ
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Uterus -Anteversion -90ْْ
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Uterus -Transverse Cervical ig. Cardinal Lig. -Pubocervical Lig.
-Sacrocervical Lig.
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Uterus -Perituneum
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Uterus Perituneum Brod Lig. -Mesovarium
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Rectum -12-13cm -S3 -Rectal Valves (Houston)
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Anal Canal -4 cm -Anal Columns 10 -Anal Valves -Anal Sinus
-Pectinal Line
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Anal Sphincter -Internal Upper ¾ -External Pudendal n. -Inf. Rectal n.
Lower 3/4 Subcutaneous Superficial Deep Pudendal n. -Inf. Rectal n.
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-Obliterated Umblical a. -Sup. Vesical a. -Inf. Vesical a.
Pelvic Vessels Internal Iliac a. Ant. Division Male -Obliterated Umblical a. -Sup. Vesical a. -Inf. Vesical a. -Middle Rectal a. -Obturator a. -Inf. Gluteal a. -Int. Pudendal a. Female -Vaginal a. -Uterine a. -Int. Pudendal a
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Perineum
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Perineum Urogenital Region -Skin -Superficial fascia Fats (Campers)
Membranous (Colles) -Superficial Perineal Space -Perineal Membrane -Deep Perineal Space Deep Superficial Skin
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