1. Facial Bone Anatomy & Positioning
RTEC 233
Week 6
FINAL

2. Anterior Aspect of Facial Bones
6 paired facial bones 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
2 single bones 7) 8) 4 3 2 1 7 7 5 8

4. Palatine Bones L-shaped bones
_________ portion forms posterior hard palate
_______ portion extends between 1maxillae and 1 pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 4 facial bones

5. Zygomatic Bones Forms ________ Forms lower outer margin of _______
Articulates with 3 cranial bones 1) 2) 3)
Articulates with maxillae

6. Inferior Nasal Cochae
The only pair of conchae that are _______ facial bones
Articulates with 1) 2) 3) 4)
Covered with mucous membranes to: ______________________________________________

7. Lacrimal Bones About the size & shape of a fingernail
Lacrimal foramen for tear duct
Lie anteriorly on the medial side of orbit
Can be seen on PA and lateral projections
Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 2 facial bones

8. Nasal Bones Fused and form bridge of nose Vary in size considerably
The point of junction with the frontal bone is the nasion
Articulates with 2 cranial and 2 facial bones

9. Vomer Forms inferosuperior part of nasal septum Deviated nasal septum
Depressions for blood vessels
Articulates with 2 cranial bones & 4 facial bones

10. Mandible Only _______ bone in the skull ________& largest facial bone
___bones at birth
Contains ______foramina

11. Pathologic Indications for Facial Radiography
Fractures
Blowout
Tripod
LeFort
Coutrecoup
Foreign Body
Osteomyelitis
Neoplasms
Secondary Osteomyelitis
TMJ Syndrome

12. Sample Fractures

13. Tripod Fractures

14. Tripod Fracture

15. LeFort Fractures

16. Lefort 2

17. Foreign Body

18. Osteomyelitis

19. TMJ syndrome

20. TMJ Syndrome

21. Positioning: Lateral Facial bones
CR is perpendicular
enters lateral zygomatic bone ½ way between outer canthus and EAM.

22. Lateral Facial Radiograph
All facial bones in with zygomatic bone in center
Almost SI mandibular rami
SI orbital roofs (no tilt)
No rotation of sella turcica

23. Positioning: Waters
CR perpendicular to exit acanthion

24. Waters Radiograph
Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side
Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

25. Reverse Waters
CR perpendicular and enters acanthion

26. Reverse Waters Radiograph
Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side
Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

27. Modified Waters
CR perpendicular and exits acanthion

28. Modified Waters Radiograph
Petrous ridges projected immediately below the inferior border of the orbits
Equal distance from lateral orbit to lateral skull on both sides

29. PA Axial - Caldwell
CR 15 caudal to exit nasion

30. PA Axial- Caldwell Radiograph
Equal distance from lat skull to lat orbit
Symmetric petrous ridges in lower 1/3 orbit
Penetration of frontal bone without excessive density at lateral borders of skull.

31. Lateral Nasal Bones
CR perpendicular to the bridge of nose at a point 1” distal to the nasion

32. Lateral Nasal bones Radiograph
No rotation of nasal bone and soft tissue
Anterior nasal spine and frontonasal suture evident
Close collimation