1. Ocean Sciences Cyberinfrastructure Futures Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD Report to the ORION Ocean Observatory Workshop San Juan, Puerto Rico January 7, 2004

2. Interoperability Open, easy access and discovery Reliable, sustained, efficient operations Effective user feedback Open design and standards process Preservation of data and products The Ocean.US DMAC Vision A Strong Foundation Source: John Orcutt, SIO www.dmac.ocean.us

3. Components of CI-Enabled Science & Engineering Collaboration Services Knowledge management institutions for collection building and curation of data, information, literature, digital objects High-performance computing for modeling, simulation, data processing/mining Individual & Group Interfaces & Visualization Physical World Humans Facilities for activation, manipulation and construction Instruments for observation and characterization. Global Connectivity NSF Report on Revolutionizing Science and Engineering through Cyber-Infrastructure (Atkins Report) www.communitytechnology.org/nsf_ci_report/

4. e-Science Data Intensive Science Will Drive Distributed Cyberinfrastructure

5. NASA Earth System Science IT Challenges EOSDIS Currently: –Ingests Nearly 3 Terabytes of Data Each Day –In 2003 it Delivered Over 25 Million Data Products –In Response to Over 2.3 Million User Requests –Making It the Largest “e-Science” System in the World Earth System Modeling is a Driving Requirement for High-End Computing, and will Continue to be so as Models: –Increase in Resolution and –Are Further Coupled –(e.g., Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Processes) Other Agencies are Learning from EOSDIS and are Moving Beyond. As NASA Lays Out the Evolution of its Information Infrastructure to Meet its Earth Science Challenges Over The Next Decade, it will Again Need to Move to The Leading-Edge.

6. Components of a Future Global System for Earth Observation

7. NSF is Funding Research on Wireless Cyberinfrastructure for Ocean Observatories http://roadnet.ucsd.edu/ www.cosis.net/abstracts/EAE03/07668/EAE03-J-07668.pdf

8. The Biomedical Informatics Research Network: a Multi-Scale Brain Imaging Federated Repository National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure Part of the UCSD CRBS Center for Research on Biological Structure UCSD is IT and Telecomm Integration Center Average File Transfer ~10-50 Mbps

9. Large Hadron Collider Cyberinfrastructure Communications of the ACM, Volume 46, Issue 11 (November 2003)

10. From Shared Internet to Dedicated Lightpipes Enabling the “I” in ORION Source: Tom West, CEO NLR “National Lambda Rail” Partnership Serves Very High-End Experimental and Research Applications 4 x 10Gbps Wavelengths Initially Capable of 40 x 10Gbps Wavelengths at Build Out www.skio.peachnet.edu/coop/materials/cora_lowres.pdf

11. An International-Scale Set of Dedicated Wavelengths is Operational over TransLight European lambdas to US –8 GEs Amsterdam— Chicago –8 GEs London—Chicago Canadian lambdas to US –8 GEs Chicago— Canada —NYC –8 GEs Chicago— Canada —Seattle US lambdas to Europe –4 GEs Chicago— Amsterdam –3 GEs Chicago— CERN European lambdas –8 GEs Amsterdam—CERN –2 GEs Prague—Amsterdam –2 GEs Stockholm— Amsterdam –8 GEs London—Amsterdam TransPAC lambda –1 GE Chicago—Tokyo IEEAF lambdas (blue) –8 GEs NYC—Amsterdam –8 GEs Seattle—Tokyo UKLight CERN NorthernL ight Source: Tom DeFanti, EVL, UIC

12. The OptIPuter Project – Removing Bandwidth as an Obstacle In Data Intensive Sciences NSF Large Information Technology Research Proposal –UCSD and UIC Lead Campuses—Larry Smarr PI –USC, UCI, SDSU, NW, Texas A&M Partnering Campuses Industrial Partners: IBM, Telcordia/SAIC, Chiaro, Calient $13.5 Million Over Five Years Optical IP Streams From Lab Clusters to Large Data Objects NIH Biomedical Informatics Research Network NSF EarthScope http://ncmir.ucsd.edu/gallery.html siovizcenter.ucsd.edu/library/gallery/shoot1/index.shtml

13. Removing Barriers to Earth Observing & Simulation One Current Barrier: The Low Throughput of Today’s Internet Even Though Internet2 Backbone is 10 Giga bits per second –Network is Shared Using TCP/IP Protocol A Remote NASA Earth Observation System User Only Sees: –10-50 Mbps (May 2003) Throughput to Campuses –Typically Over Abilene From Goddard, Langley, or EROS –UCSD’s SIO to Goddard in May 2003 (ICESAT, CERES Satellite Data) –12.4 Mbps—1/1000 of the Available Backbone Speed! In Contrast, OptIPuter Demonstrated 9.3 Gbps/10 Gbps –NCSA to SDSC –Using Reliable Blast UDP http://www.evl.uic.edu/cavern/rg/20030817_he

14. ½ Mile SIO SDSC CRCA Phys. Sci - Keck SOM JSOE Preuss 6 th College SDSC Annex Node M Earth Sciences SDSC Medicine Engineering High School To CENIC Collocation Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC; Greg Hidley, Cal-(IT) 2 The UCSD OptIPuter Deployment Prototyping a Campus-Scale OptIPuter Linking Scalable Linux Clusters SDSC Annex Juniper T320 0.320 Tbps Backplane Bandwidth 20X Chiaro Estara 6.4 Tbps Backplane Bandwidth 2 Miles 0.01 ms Dedicated Fiber Between Sites

15. Ultra-Resolution Displays Driven by Graphics Clusters for Ocean Sciences Imaging Emmi Ito- U. Minnesota; Frank Rack- Joint Oceanographic Institutes; Jason Leigh, EVL UIC

16. Geography Underground Earth Sciences Interactive 3D APPLICATIONS: How Can We Make Scientific Discovery as Engaging as Video Games? Source: Mike Bailey, Rozeanne Steckler SDSC GeoWall Linked by Fiber Optics to SIO 6-Week Earth Sciences Unit Aligned to State Standards

17. Further Reading The Use of e-Science Grids to Support NSF’s Ocean Research Interactive Observatory Networks (ORION) By Larry Smarr ORION Website Information Papers IOOP ORION Website Information Papers