1. Chapter 8 Ventricular Rhythms
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2. Premature Ventricular Contractions
An irritable focus within the ventricles fires prematurely to initiate a single ectopic complex.
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3. T Wave Configuration with PVCsB
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4. Typical Examples of PVC ConfigurationB C D
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5. Typical Examples of PVC ConfigurationH
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6. Compensatory Pause
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7. Interpolated PVC
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8. Unifocal PVCs
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9. Multifocal PVCs
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10. R on T Phenomenon
Ectopic A exhibits R on T phenomenon; Ectopic B does not.
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11. PVCs Occurring as a Couplet (Pair)
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12. PVCs Occurring in a Run
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13. Patterns of Grouped Beating
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14. Premature Ventricular Contractions
Regularity: Ectopics will disrupt regularity of underlying rhythm
Rate: Depends on underlying rhythm and number of ectopics
P Wave: Not preceded by a P wave; dissociated P waves may be seen near PVC
PRI: Since the ectopic comes from a lower focus, there will be no PRI
QRS: Wide and bizarre; .12 seconds or greater; T wave is usually in opposite direction from R wave
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

15. Premature Ventricular Contractions
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16. Ventricular Tachycardia
A single irritable focus within the ventricles fires very rapidly, thus overriding higher sites for control of the heart.
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

17. Ventricular Tachycardia
Regularity: Usually regular; can be slightly irregular
Rate: Usually beats/min; less than 150 is called slow VT; over 250 is called Ventricular Flutter
P Wave: Not preceded by P waves; dissociated P waves may be seen
PRI: None
QRS: Wide and bizarre; .12 sec. or greater
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18. Ventricular Tachycardia
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19. Ventricular Fibrillation
Multiple foci in the ventricles become irritable and generate uncoordinated, chaotic impulses that cause the heart to fibrillate rather than contract.
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

20. Ventricular Fibrillation}
Regularity:
Rate:
P Wave:
PRI:
QRS:
Totally chaotic with no discernible waves or complexes
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21. Ventricular Fibrillation
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22. Idioventricular Rhythm
Absence of a higher pacemaker allows the much slower ventricles to assume control of the heart.
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

23. Idioventricular Rhythm
Regularity: Usually regular (it can be unreliable since it is such a low site)
Rate: beats per minute; can drop below 20 beats per minute
P Wave: None
PRI: None
QRS: Wide and bizarre; .12 seconds or greater
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24. Idioventricular Rhythm
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25. Asystole
There is no electrical pacemaker to initiate electrical flow. The heart has lost its electrical activity.
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

26. } Asystole Regularity: Rate: P Wave:
PRI:
QRS:
Straight line indicates absence of electrical activity
Gail Walraven, Basic Arrhythmias, Sixth Edition ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ

27. Chapter 8 Practice Strips
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28. 8.1
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29. 8.2
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30. 8.3
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31. 8.4
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32. 8.5
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33. 8.6
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34. 8.7
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35. 8.8
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36. 8.9
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37. 8.10
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38. 8.11
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39. 8.12
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40. 8.13
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41. 8.14
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42. 8.15
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43. 8.16
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44. 8.17
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45. 8.18
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46. 8.19
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47. 8.20
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48. 8.21
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49. 8.22
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50. 8.23
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51. 8.24
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52. 8.25
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53. 8.26
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54. 8.27
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55. 8.28
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56. 8.29
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57. 8.30
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58. 8.31
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59. 8.32
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60. 8.33
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61. 8.34
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62. 8.35
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63. 8.36
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64. 8.37
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65. 8.38
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66. 8.39
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67. 8.40
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68. 8.41
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69. 8.42
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70. 8.43
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71. 8.44
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72. 8.45
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73. 8.46
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74. 8.47
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75. 8.48
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76. 8.49
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77. 8.50
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78. 8.51
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79. 8.52
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80. 8.53
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81. 8.54
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82. 8.55
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83. 8.56
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84. 8.57
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85. 8.58
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86. 8.59
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87. 8.60
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88. 8.61
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89. 8.62
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90. 8.63
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91. 8.64
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92. 8.65
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93. 8.66
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94. 8.67
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95. 8.68
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96. 8.69
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97. 8.70
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98. 8.71
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99. 8.72
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100. 8.73
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101. 8.74
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102. 8.75
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103. 8.76
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104. 8.77
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