1. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital)Slide 1 TVWS Architecture Options Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.19. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.19. Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures, including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the TAG of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802.19 TAG. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at.http:// ieee802.org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws.pdfpatcom@ieee.org Date: 2010-01-20 Authors:

2. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Overview This paper derives architecture starting point from FCC regulatory requirements. The architecture is then extended to include new elements needed to facilitate coexistence. New Coexistence Service Providers are posited to act as intermediaries to register and share information about unlicensed TV WS devices (WSDs) and their networks. Main focus is on use of Internet to provide connections for coexistence communications. New Spectrum Manager is posited as option for centralized spectrum resource services. Many alternatives are possible based on different physical implementations of the functional blocks presented here. Slide 2 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital)

3. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission FCC R&O has Defined WS Device Types Slide 3 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) Device Type MobilityTransmit Power Geolocation /FCC Dbase Access Incumbent Sensing Enabling Capability Allowed on Adjacent Channel FixedFixed only<4WRequired MasterNo Mode IIFixed, nomadic, mobile <100mWRequired MasterYes, but <40mW Mode IFixed, nomadic, mobile <100mWNot required RequiredSlaveYes, but <40mW Sensing Only (SO) Fixed, nomadic, mobile <50mWNot required RequiredNoneYes, but <40mW NOTE: It is likely that most Mode I and Mode II devices will operate as Sensing Only devices when they are unable to establish an Internet connection or connection to a Master enabling device.

4. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Regulatory Interconnect Approach FCC will provide national geolocation dbase of licensed encumbent users to be protected in the TV bands. FCC is working with WSDB Group to define requirements and fees for WSDs to access current data to determine which TV channels are available for unlicensed WS use in specific local areas. Details TBD. WSDB Group architecture proposals define new WSDB Service Providers (WS SPs) which act to serve dbase access in local areas. FCC's open approach will lead to competition and choice for WSDs in selecting a WS Service Provider (WS SP) for channel clearance from national dbase and for other value added services. FCC will select one or more national WSDB manager(s) who will provide dbase access to dbase for WS SPs and WSDs The Internet is the FCCs designated interconnect "glue" for these new services. The FCC decision to use Internet access for FCC dbase is based on realization that primary intended use for TVWS is to provide Internet access for underserved rural areas. Slide 4 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik(InterDigital)

5. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Regulatory Interconnect Approach Slide 5 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase Internet Wireless TVWS Interconnect Wired Interconnect Mode I RAT x Mode I RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x PH Y X PH Y X Fixed/ Mode II RAT x Mode I RAT y Mode I RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y PH Y Y PH Y Y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y Mode I RAT z Mode I RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z PH Y Z PH Y Z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z SOs adhocs RAT x SOs adhocs RAT y SOs adhocs RAT z FCC Incumbent Protection Information National Dbase

6. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Regulatory Architecture Slide 6 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) A simple hierarchical architecture may be derived from the FCC R&O. FCC regulatory requirements provide a partial definition of the interface between the WS SPs and the WSDs (Interface A in the diagram). Interface A includes: –WSD  WS SP: Registration and credentials –WS SP  WSD: Registration accepted –WSD  WS SP: Location, terminal type, Tx power –WS SP  WSD: List of clear channels for above parameters Fixed and Mode II devices may enable Mode I devices within their operating areas. Sensing only devices operate autonomously in disconnected ad-hoc networks

7. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Regulatory Architecture Slide 7 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase SOs adhocs RAT x SOs adhocs RAT y SOs adhocs RAT z FCC Incumbent Protection Information National Dbase AA A Interface Mode I RAT z Mode I RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z PHY Z Mode I RAT y Mode I RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y PHY Y Mode I RAT x Mode I RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x PHY X

8. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Coexistence Interconnect Approach Slide 8 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) Use Case studies show that cooperation among TV WSDs and networks is required for coexistence among heterogeneous networks. Since most WSDs (not SO devices) rely on Internet for WS channel clearance, the internet is the natural interconnect medium to use for coexistence purposes. New Coexistence servers may support coexistence communication for network discovery, improved channel selection and possible channel sharing. Collaborative coexistence mechanisms may rely on internet communication to enable channel sharing where available channels are limited. Optional new Spectrum Managers may be used for network policy distribution, channel access conflict resolution or for WS channel dynamic resource assignments similar to operation in 3G cellular systems.

9. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Coexistence Interconnect Approach Slide 9 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase Internet Wireless TVWS Interconnect Wired Interconnect Coexistence Service Provider Coexist Dbase Coexistence Service Provider Coexist Dbase Coexistence Spectrum Manager Mode I RAT x Mode I RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x PH Y X PH Y X Fixed/ Mode II RAT x Mode I RAT y Mode I RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y PH Y Y PH Y Y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y Mode I RAT z Mode I RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z PH Y Z PH Y Z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z SOs adhocs RAT x SOs adhocs RAT y SOs adhocs RAT z FCC Incumbent Protection Information National Dbase

10. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Possible Coexistence Architecture Slide 10 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) This architecture posits the coexistence services as an intermediary between the WS SPs and the WSDs. The Coex SP is designed to operate over a well-defined geographic area so it can maintain a dbase of all WSDs in that area. This architecture does not preclude a single SP from providing both WSdbase and coexistence services. Interface B includes all interface A items PLUS: –WSD  Coex SP: PHY params, interference threshold and Service requirements –Coex SP  WSD: List of devices(Chan# &PHY type) within interference range –WSD  Coex SP: List of coexistence capabilities (available mechanisms in WSD) –Coex SP  WSD: Best available channel and required coexistence mechanisms. –WSD  Coex SP: Preferred coexistence params for required mechanism s. –Coex SP  WSD: Negotiated coexistence params for mechanisms. This interface design is based on Coex SP as the negotiating intermediary among interfering networks/devices. Use of Spectrum Manager would permit alternative services, perhaps even resource assignment and dynamic reassignment.

11. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Possible Coexistence Architecture Slide 11 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital) WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase WSDbaseGroup Service Provider Local Dbase Coexistence Service Provider Coexist Dbase Coexistence Service Provider Coexist Dbase Coexistence Spectrum Manager SOs adhocs RAT x SOs adhocs RAT y SOs adhocs RAT z Synchronize Dbases where overlap FCC Incumbent Protection Information National Dbase B Interface BB AA Network Operators Mode I RAT z Mode I RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z Fixed/ Mode II RAT z PHY Z Mode I RAT y Mode I RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y Fixed/ Mode II RAT y PHY Y Mode I RAT x Mode I RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x Fixed/ Mode II RAT x PHY X

12. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Architecture Options and Views Providing Internet-based services to WSDs to facilitate use of TVWS is inevitable. The FCC has paved the way. The level of services provided by individual SPs will be dictated by competition for subscribers. Given the diversity of Radio Technologies (RATs) expected in the TVWS, it is likely that no single coexistence service or mechanism will be adequate to cover all coexistence scenarios. The 802.19.1 standard should describe an array of coexistence services which could be implemented in an open and standard way to enable competitive evolution of WSDs and Coexistence SPs. The simple architecture presented here is based on a high-level view of coexistence functions. These functions may be combined with other network functions or split to define multiple alternative but similar architectures. A standard list of interfaces and interface messages will be needed in the 802.19.1 standard. These messages will be tailored to 802 MAC/PHY technologies, but may also be extended with vendor specific Information Elements (IEs) to enable yet-undefined TVWS MAC/PHY technologies. Other more complex architectures are possible. Slide 12 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital)

13. doc.: IEEE 802.19-10/0016r0 Submission Questions & Discussion Slide 13 January 2010 Joe Kwak, Alex Reznik (InterDigital)