1. Shakespearean Language

2. History of the English Language

3. Vocabulary Alack: Alas! Anon: Soon
This is an expression of sorrow or sympathy
“Alack alack! Help, help! My lady’s dead!” (Act IV Scene 5)
Anon: Soon
“Anon, good nurse! Sweet Montague be true!” (Act II Scene 2)

4. Vocabulary (continued)
Art: are
“Thou art thyself though not a Montague.” (Act II Scene 2)
Aye: yes
E’en: even
E’er: ever
Fair: beautiful

5. Vocabulary (continued)
Fie: expression of anger
“Fie, fie, thou shamest thy shape, thy love, thy wit.” (Act III Scene 3)
Haply: by chance
Hath: has
Hence: away from here
“Go, get thee hence, for I will not away.” (Act V Scene 2)
“Therefore hence be gone!” (Act V Scene 2)

6. Vocabulary (continued)
Hie: hurry
“Then hie you hence to Friar Laurence’ cell.” (Act II Scene 5)
Hither: here
“Meantime I writ to Romeo that he should hither come as this dire night.” (Act V Scene 2)
Marry: yes, indeed
Prithee: please

7. Vocabulary (continued)
Thee/Thou: you
“Thou art consortest with Romeo.” (Act III Scene 1)
Thy: your
Tis: it is
“Tis but thy name that is thy enemy.” (Act II Scene 2)
Whence: where
Wilt: will, will you

8. Try It Yourself!
Try writing sentences to accomplish the following things:
Ask someone to dance with you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Order your friend to hurry, as you are late to a meeting or a game. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Beg your parents to let you stay out an extra hour past curfew. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. How did you do? Haply, wilt thou dance with me?
Hie! We must hence to the meeting/game!
Prithee, Mom and Dad! I beg thee to let me stay out late tonight!
See! That wasn’t so hard!

10. And now…
Now that you have converted modern language to Shakespearean language, try converting the following passages from Shakespeare’s plays and sonnets into modern language of today.

11. Try It!
“Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown!” (Henry IV Part I) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“What’s in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet…” (Romeo and Juliet) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Shall I compare you to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.” (Sonnet 18) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. How Did You Do?
The head (the person) who wears a crown (a ruler, king, queen, etc.) will never be at rest.
What does a name mean? If we renamed a rose and called it something else, it would still smell just as nice.
Let me compare you to a summer day. You are more beautiful and more gentle.

13. Other Info You Need To Know
Shakespeare used mostly Iambic Pentameter in the composition of his plays.
One line contains approximately ten syllables (give or take a few).
Every other syllable is stressed in an iamb.
There are close to five sets of iambs in a line of Iambic Pentameter (giving it the ten syllables).

14. Other Info (continued)
Blank verse is used throughout the plays as well.
Blank indicates that there is no rhyme and no specific pattern.
Shakespeare tried to make his plays sound the way people talk.

15. Let’s Practice Some More
The Prologue from Romeo and Juliet.
Listen to it.
Read it out loud to your partner.
Paraphrase it (put each line into your own words).
We will talk about the prologue and then see it performed in the movie.

16. The Prologue from Romeo and Juliet
Act I
PROLOGUE
Two households, both alike in dignity,
In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,
From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,
Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.
From forth the fatal loins of these two foes
A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life;
Whole misadventured piteous overthrows
Do with their death bury their parents' strife.
The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love,
And the continuance of their parents' rage,
Which, but their children's end, nought could remove,
Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage;
The which if you with patient ears attend,
What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.

17. The Prologue from Romeo and Juliet in Modern Text
In the beautiful city of Verona, where our story takes place, a long-standing hatred between two families erupts into new violence, and citizens stain their hands with the blood of their fellow citizens. Two unlucky children of these enemy families become lovers and commit suicide. Their unfortunate deaths put an end to their parents' feud. For the next two hours, we will watch the story of their doomed love and their parents' anger, which nothing but the children’s deaths could stop. If you listen to us patiently, we’ll make up for everything we’ve left out in this prologue onstage.

18. Your Journal…
In your journal, pick two of the statements and then answer them with your own opinions.
BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS!!!

19. My parents know more about love and relationships than I do.
I would be willing to die for a friend.
Sometimes it is necessary to disobey my parents.
You shouldn’t fight your friends’ fights.
Most teenagers know what true love is.
Couples should know each other for a long time before getting married.
Children always learn from the wrongs of their parents.

20. Journal out of the class
Something old
Something you heard today that you already knew
Something new
Something you learned today
Something blue
A question that you have or something that you do not quite understand