1. Imagery in Literature What is it? How is it achieved?

2. Imagery is when a writer uses vivid, figurative or descriptive langauge to: 1.appeal to the reader’s senses 2.help the reader create a picture in their mind 3.add depth to their work 4.help the reader feel present in the moment 5.communicate the world of the text to the reader What is imagery?

3.  Visual  Auditory  Kinesthetic  Olfactory  Gustatory  Tactile  Organic Types of imagery

4. This appeals to our sense of sight. “The crimson liquid spilled from the neck of the white dove, staining and matting its pure, white feathers.” Visual Imagery

5. This describes sound. "....Which has its sounds, familiar, like the roar Of trees and crack of branches, common things, But nothing so like beating on a box“ (From 'An Old Man’s Winter Night' by Robert Frost) Auditory Imagery

6. This describes a sense of movement or tension. "Tossing their heads in sprightly dance" (from 'Daffodils' by W. Wordsworth) Kinesthetic Imagery

7. This helps to summon and deliver smells to readers. "Gio's socks, still soaked with sweat from Tuesday's P.E. class, filled the classroom with an aroma akin to that of salty, week-old, rotting fish" Olfactory Imagery

8. This illustrates taste, of food or other things. “ Forgive me they were delicious so sweet and so cold“ From the poem "This Is Just to Say" by William Carlos Williams) Gustatory Imagery

9. This appeals to the reader’s sense of touch. 'The bed linens might just as well be ice and the clothes snow.' From Robert Frost's "The Witch of Coos" Tactile Imagery

10. This concentrates on recreating internal sensations like hunger, thirst, fear or fatigue. “Weary and without hope of rest, I continued my tiring journey.” Organic Imagery

11. Writers use a variety of techniques including:  Figurative language (metaphor, simile, personification, etc.)  Adjectives and descriptive language  Comparisons  Contrasts  Allusions  Onomatopoeia (auditory and kinesthetic)  Symbolism  Concrete details (e.g. the bag was made of leather)  Sensory details (e.g. the bag smelled of leather) How do writers create imagery?

12. Some Examples in this PPT were adapted from http://fos.iloveindia.com/imagery-examples.htmlActivity Read the poem ‘In the Hold’ by Jamie McKendrick in your anthology (p 267 and 268)and complete the tasks below using the information in this PowerPoint and your handout. 1.What types of imagery can you find? Make a list of types and examples in your notebook. 2.What is the effect of McKendrick’s imagery in the first three lines? 3.What impression of army life does the poet’s use of imagery give the reader? Give reasons for your answers and refer to evidence from the poem. 4.How does the imagery aid the development of tone in the piece and what tone is created?