1. 23 Aug 02 COA DECISION Brief Operation Blue Singa

2. Purpose of Initial COA Brief To review and approve COAs for further analysis To obtain Commander’s Guidance for completion of COA development

3. Agenda uCTF Mission Statement uCrisis Situation uHigher Commander’s Intent uCTF Commander’s Intent uCPG Guidance from Mission Analyisis Brief uCOA Briefs uCommander’s Guidance

4. CTF MISSION STATEMENT Coalition Task Force GOODWILL will deploy a multinational force no earlier than 28 August 02 (C-Day), to conduct peacekeeping operations in North and South Tindoro, in accordance with UNSCR 147, to create the conditions necessary for the governments of North and South Tindoro to maintain a secure and stable environment.

5. CRISIS SITUATION uThreats –Terrorism l Operating from Displaced persons (DP) camps in Queenstown and the Fingal enclave. –Poor law & order (Banditry) l Direct impact on relief operations –Aggression from opposing military forces l Still deployed along border –Poor humanitarian conditions l May be exploited by terrorists & bandits l Cause low morale –Economy affected by war

6. HIGHER CDR’S INTENT I intend for CTF GOODWILL to conduct peacekeeping operations in support of UNSCR 147, by providing a secure and stable environment in North and South Tindoro, so that the inhabitants can rebuild their lives, economies, and social institutions in peace.

7. Intent is to form a multinational force to help create conditions necessary to establish a secure and stable environment in North and South Tindoro. All of our actions in keeping hostile forces apart, assisting with HA and return of DPs, must be focused towards this end. CTF COMMANDER’S INTENT CTF COMMANDER’S INTENT

8. FACTS CTF is working with two sovereign states who have agreed to UN mandate North and South Tindoro have Offensive Capabilities 40,000 DP’s in 10 camps UN NGO/IO already working in AO The CTF will require re-supply within 5 days. Engineer support is sufficient for road repair and maintenance of the force. Host nation support is limited in South Tindoro Security problems are hindering HA efforts

9. FACTS (con’t) The CTF will require re-supply within 5 days. Engineer support is sufficient for road repair and maintenance of the force. No effective law enforcement in North/South Tindoro

10. FACTS (Medical) South Tindoro health system is near collapse Large and growing displaced population with urgent humanitarian needs: - Cholera outbreaks in 4 camps Presence of medical NGOs/IOs in the AO (main offices in Hobart)

11. FACTS (Special Operations) ( CSOTF) Known Facts Terrorist activities Fengal and Queenstown Suspected operating base – displaced person camps Denouncement of terror activities by both governments Assumptions Disruption of restoration efforts by terrorist Commanders intent Anti terror, force protection Security plan Limitations – “CTF will not Conduct Counter Terrorist Actions”

12. FACTS (Maritime) uNorthern Tindoro Port –Launceston; harbor is 100% –Bicheno –Bridport –Davonport (road conditions 40% flooded) –Marrrawah –Smithton –Stanley (road conditions 75% flooded) –Ulverstone –Wynard uNorthern Tindoro Port –Launceston; harbor is 100% –Bicheno –Bridport –Davonport (road conditions 40% flooded) –Marrrawah –Smithton –Stanley (road conditions 75% flooded) –Ulverstone –Wynard –Southern Tindoro Port l Hobart; harbor is 100% l Dover l Dunalley l Macquarie Harbour l Port Arthur l St. Helens l Strahan

13. ASSUMPTIONS The government of both countries will continue to support the peace process and accept the UN Sanctioned MNF All Sea Port Of Debarkation/Aerial Port Of Debarkation (SPOD/APOD) will be available throughout the operation MNF will be able to move freely within AO Existing IO and NGO can continue to provide assistance

14. COA 1 Minimum Military Footprint Briefer LT Somboonpakron

15. CPG-1 Guidance Minimum Military Footprint uHeavy SOF, CMO, and involvement of smaller regional nations uHeavy HA, IO, PA, media campaign uEstablish functional composite subordinate Task Forces (TF) - (TF med, TF LOG, TF Security, etc.) uStrong border regime or Military Exclusion Zone (MEZ) - CPG make recommendation uCritical infrastructure repair & CA projects on Tindoro uFull integration of Multinational Forces

16. COA 1 STATEMENT NO EARLIER THAN 28 AUG 02, CTF GOODWILL, ORGANIZED INTO SUBORDINATE FUNCTIONAL TASK FORCES, CONDUCTS PKO AND FACILITATES HA IN THE TINDORO AO TO ESTABLISH A SECURE AND STABLE ENVIRONMENT PER UNSCR 147, BY HEAVY EMPHASIS ON CIVIL MILITARY AND INFORMATION OPERATIONS, THEREBY REDUCING THE MILITARY FOOTPRINT.

17. Command and Control Structure CCTF TF CA TF SOF TF SECTF ENG TF INFO OPS TF LOG/ MED DIRMOBFORCCC

18. COA # 1 PHASE 1: Pre-Crisis CTF HQ: (ME) Advance Party, Liaison Officers (LNO) to Host Nations-strategic level coordination. Issue Prepare to Deploy (PTD) order TF CA: CMO assessment TF SEC: Pre-deployment training TF SOF: Intel gathering, LNO TF Eng: Engineer Assessment TF LOG: Time Phase Force Deployment Data (TPFDD) TF IO: Media campaign. Establish favorable condition This phase starts with the Warning Order. The purpose is to stand-up the CTF,assess the situation and create conditions to conduct Operation Blue Singa. The main effort is establishing the CTF and deploying the LNOs to each Host Nation. This phase ends on the first deployment date (C-day).

19. COA # 1 PHASE 2: Lodgement CTF HQ: Comms threat assessment TF CA: Complete assessment. Establish liaison with NGO/IO TF SEC: Force Protection liaise with UNMOG TF SOF: Assess Host Nation police (CT) TF Eng: Establish CTF infrastructure TF LOG: (ME) Combat Service Support (CSS) set-up. Establishing the APOD/SPOD TF IO: Conduct IO DIRMOBFOR: Airlift support This phase starts upon the initial deployment of forces. The purpose is to deploy forces to CTF Goodwill Area of Operation (AO) and posture forces in Tindoro to conduct Operation Blue Singa. The main effort is the Combat Service Support provided by TF LOG. This phase ends upon the arrival of last force unit.

20. COA # 1 PHASE 3: Mandate Enforcement TF CA: Maintain liaison with IO/NGO TF SEC: (ME) Show of presence and separation of belligerents by establishing Military Exclusion Zone (MEZ) to include Maritime MEZ. TF SOF: Gather intelligence. Assist training Host Nations forces TF Eng: Emergency infrastructure and Lines of Communications (LOC) repairs TF LOG: CSS and medical logistics to CTF TF IO: Conduct IO and media campaign MEZ This phase starts when forces are postured and chopped, UNMOG has turned-over to CTF and MEZ declared. The purpose is to establish the presence of the CTF and separate the two belligerents. The main effort is establishing a Military Exclusion Zone (MEZ) to separate the two belligerents. This phase ends when the Host Nation is capable and willing to maintain stability.

21. COA # 1 PHASE 4: Transition TF CA: Coordinate support for HA and Engineering TF SEC: (ME) Train/transfer to Host Nations (HN) agencies TF SOF: Draw down Counter- Terrorism training and transition to Foreign Internal Defense (FIT) and de-mining training TF Eng: Change focus from supporting security mission to HA TF LOG: Continue CCS/Medical support and conduct redeployment planning TF IO: Media Campaign This phase starts when CTF begins to transition to HN and Civilian Agencies. The purpose is to hand-off operations to HN and Civilian Agencies. The main effort is training and transferring operations to HN and Civilian Agencies. This phase ends when all transition is complete. MEZ

22. COA # 1 PHASE 5: Redeployment DIRMOBFOR: (ME) Coordinate re-deployment of forces All TFs: Re-deploy This phase starts when forces begin to re-deploy. The purpose is re-deploy CTF forces. The main effort is the lift provided for re-deployment by DIRMOBFOR. This phase ends when the last unit re-deploys. MEZ

23. COA 1 OUTSTANDING ISSUE u Location of Forward CTF HQ uLocations of Subordinate TF HQs

24. Addressing the Centre of Gravity uMost acceptable to the population –Minimal military footprint –Heavy emphasis on facilitating HA uLeast interference with the sovereign states uLeverages on Info Ops as key arbitrator of conflicts uMost economical

25. COA 2 Heavy Military Footprint Briefer CDR MAHSIN HABIB

26. CPG-2 Guidance Heavy Military Footprint uEstablish MEZ along TEMASEK Agreement border uDemilitarization uHeavy mil-police security uFull integration of MNF uEstablish CCMOTF to conduct HA & NGO support, Civil Military Operations (CMO) and support to SRSG

27. CPG-2 STATEMENT The CTF will use a heavy military footprint in order to establish a secure and stable environment, by force if necessary, in North and South Tindoro. We will accomplish this through the full integration of the MNF in order to establish a MEZ along the TEMASEK Agreement border, to conduct and enforce demilitarization and to establish a heavy mil-police security. We will also establish CMOTF to conduct HA and NGO support, Civil Military Operations (CMO) and support the SRSG. Upon accomplishment of our mandate enforcement, we will conduct stability operations and perform post crisis transition of our operations to Host Nation responsibilities. Upon completion of transition the CTF will redeploy to home stations. The operation will be conducted 6 phases.

28. Command and Control

29. COA #2 PHASE 1: Build-up / Pre-deployment CTF HQ (Christchurch): Planning CTG LCC: Prep for deployment Establish bases for Forces Conduct RSOI CTG ACC : Prep for deployment CTG MCC : Prep for deployment CTG JLCC : Establish APOD/SPOD CSOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CMOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CPOTG : Conduct of IO Ops

30. COA #2 PHASE 1: Build-up / Pre-deployment (Cont.) This phase starts on order. The purpose is to prepare all forces for deployment, to gather information and to establish staging bases for the deployment. The main effort is with CTG JLCC to facilitate RSOI. TOA will take place when NCE’s declare that staging is complete This phase ends when RSOI established. MOE 80% of Forces ready for deployment

31. COA #2 PHASE 2: Deployment CTF HQ: Establish FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon Execute mission Hand-off with UNMOG CTG LCC: Occupation of MEZ Deployment of troops Conduct RSOI CTG ACC : Conduct Air Mobility Operation CTG MCC : Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation Deployment of Ships CTG JLCC : Coordination with host nations CSOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CMOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CPOTG : Conduct of IO Ops

32. COA #2 PHASE 2: Deployment (Cont.) This phase starts when TCC Forces arrive in AOR. The purpose is secure foothold. The main effort is CTG LCC. This phase ends when all troops arrive. MOE CTF assets available for operation

33. COA #2 PHASE 3: Mandate Enforcement MEZ CTF HQ: Execute mission Hand-off with UNMOG CTG LCC: Establish border regime (MEZ) Conduct RSOI Separation of hostile factions Provide security/presence at DP camps associated with militia and terrorist activity CTG ACC : Conduct Air Mobility Operation in support of LCC CTG MCC : Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation Deployment of Ships CTG JLCC : Coordination with host nations CSOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CMOTG : Conduct of IO Ops Coordination and liaison with NGOs/IOs/UN SRSG Facilitate humanitarian assistance Facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective communities CPOTG : Conduct of IO Ops in support of the Mandate Phase 4 prep (stability Ops)

34. COA #2 PHASE 3: Mandate Enforcement (Cont.) This phase starts when TCC forces have commenced operations. The purpose is to enforce UNSCR 147. The main effort is CTG LCC. This phase ends when all enforcement actions are in place MOE CTF assets has put in place all enforcement actions

35. COA #2 PHASE 4: Stablization MEZ CTF HQ: Occupation of FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon CTG LCC: Conduct RSOI Maintain / Enforce border regime (MEZ) Provide security/presence at DP camps associated with militia and terrorist activity Assist in the development of DP routes and their security Assist in the transport of DPs as necessary CTG ACC : Conduct Air Mobility Operation in support of LCC CTG MCC : Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation CTG JLCC : Coordination with host nations CSOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CMOTG : Conduct of IO Ops Coordination and liaison with NGOs/IOs/UN SRSG Facilitate humanitarian assistance Facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective communities Facilitate Police trg when requested CPOTG : Conduct of IO Ops Facilitate external news media coverage Phase 5 prep (Post Crisis)

36. COA #2 PHASE 4: Stablization (Cont.) This phase starts when threats have been subsided. The purpose is to establish a secure and stable environment. The main effort is CTG LCC. This phase ends when all DPs are reintegrated. MOE Environment is stable and safe.

37. COA #2 PHASE 5: Post Crisis MEZ CTF HQ: Occupation of FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon Execute mission handoff from MNF to host nations Planning for re-deployment CTG LCC: Provide security/presence at DP camps associated with militia and terrorist activity Assist in the development of DP routes and their security Assist in the transport of DPs as necessary CTG ACC : Conduct Air Mobility Operation CTG MCC : Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation CTG JLCC : Coordination with host nations CSOTG : Conduct of IO Ops CMOTG : Conduct of IO Ops Facilitate humanitarian assistance Facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective communities Facilitate Police trg when requested CPOTG : Conduct of IO Ops Facilitate external news media coverage

38. COA #2 PHASE 5: Post Crisis (Cont.) This phase starts when a secure and stable environment has established. The purpose is to return forces back to home stations. The main effort is CMOTG. This phase ends when transition to host nations is complete. MOE Host nations ability to provide a safe and stable environment.

39. COA #2 PHASE 6: Redeployment MEZ CTF HQ: Execute re-deployment plans CTG LCC: Prep for re-deployment CTG ACC : Prep for re-deployment CTG MCC : Prep for re-deployment CTG JLCC : Prep for re-deployment

40. COA #2 PHASE 6: Redeployment (Cont.) This phase starts when transition has been accomplished. The purpose is to return forces back to home stations. The main effort is CTF HQ. This phase ends when all TCCs have departed N. / S. Tindoro. MOE All TCCs have departed N. / S. Tindoro.

41. COA 2 Advantages and Disadvantages  Advantages – Strong Deterrence Effect  Disadvantages – Strong military presence may result in public unhappiness

42. COA 3 Sector Establishment Briefer MAJ Sakiasi Raisevu Ditoka

43. CPG-3 Guidance Sector Establishment uSector assignment of participating forces uPlan for smooth coordination of NGO / HA support uSecurity patrols / demilitarization uCoordinate reintegration of DPs across sectors and borders uStrong border regime or MEZ - CPG make recommendation uMinimize inefficiencies created by force structure uDetermine optimum logistic support

44. Tasks Task (incl when)WhereHow Maintain secure and stable environment All sectorsProvide Inf Bn to specified locations/sectors by local gov’t areas; sectorize the sea; establish SPODs and APODs Conduct Information Operations All sectorsConduct PSYOP; facilitate external media coverage; Establish a Coalition Information Bureau (CIB), in coordination with UN mission; establish Coalition Communication Coordination Center (CCCC) Facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective communities From DP camps to Home locations Assist in cooperation with convoy security; assist with facilities and logistics Execute handoff to host nations All sectorsBy involving UN mission and government authorities; training by sector, if required Execute mission handoff from UNMOG to MNF UNMOG locationsSimultaneous, or by sector, with advanced parties and LOs Separate hostile factions Fingal and Queenstown enclaves; border areas Maintain buffer zone (cannot provide in air or sea) along the border; establish combined checkpoints with host nations; identify and liaise with faction leaders; conduct security patrols

45. Tasks (con’t) Task (incl when)WhereHow Facilitate humanitarian assistance All sectorsEstablish Civil Military Operations Center (CMOC) at CTF HQ, the CPG, and throughout all sectors; collect and disseminate information regarding humanitarian activities; in Phase I, assessment teams sent to AOR, using spare logistic capacity; secure and establish storage facilities for distribution of HA supplies Conduct peacekeeping operations All sectorsUsing the mandate with impartiality; see all above; command and operate by sector in accordance with ROE; Option 1: Centralize command Option 2: De-centralize command Option 3: Combination by Phase Minimizing inefficiencies, consider using component commands vs. sector commands, or a combination; Optimize logistic support; conduct air mobility operations Coordination and liaison with NGOs/IOs/UN SRSG All sectorsDeploy Los; establish CMOC at sector level; establish CTF guidelines for release of information

46. Force List 8 IN BN, 1 USMC IN BN, 3 IN CO 3 ROWPU units 5 Engineer CO 4 Medical teams, 2 surgical teams 2 logistic units 1 comms unit (only 60 days) 1 SF GP, 1 SF Det 6 MP CO 1 BDE HQ 1 DIV HQ (CTF HQ) 1 PSYOP GP

47. Commander Coalition / Combined Task Force (CCTF) CFMCC CFACC CFLCC CCCC Lead Nation CTF Component Organization Functional Component & Task Force CIB LogisticsComponentCommanderAmphibiousCommander CMOC

48. Purpose: I will form a multinational force to help create conditions necessary to establish a secure and stable environment in North and South Tindoro. All of our actions in keeping hostile forces apart, assisting with HA and return of DPs, must be focused towards this end. Method: I will commence this operation no earlier than 28 Aug 02. I will conduct this operation in 5 phases (pre-crisis, lodgment, enforcement of mandate, stabilization, post-crisis). In Phase I, I will seek the consent of all parties to the mandate, and focus on the well-being of the DPs. I will do this by conducting Information Operations, to reinforce my legitimacy and creditability, and my main effort will be to establish and maintain my sea and air lines of communication. In Phase II, I will continue to seek the acceptance of the general population and my main effort will be the deployment of forces by sea and air. In Phase III, I will establish liaison with factional forces and separate them along the border, thereby gaining CTF credibility. My main effort is the LCC separation of forces. In Phase IV, I will gain acceptance by the local population and reinforce where possible the capacity of the NGOs, IOs and Host Nations to provide Humanitarian Assistance. My main effort will be the sustainment of the mandate. COA Statements

49. In Phase V, having achieved a secure and stable environment, capable of being sustained by the host nations, I will transition to the host nations, and redeploy to home station. My main effort is the transition process to the host nations. I will establish a Land Component Commander (LCC), Maritime Component Commander (MCC), Air Component Commander (ACC), Logistics Component Commander, and Amphibious Component Commander under the CTF HQ. The LCC will command his forces in 8 sectors based on 8 Inf BN. The LCC will establish a Quick Reaction Force (QRF) for contingencies. The MCC will coordinate all maritime assets to operate in two sectors. I will use the Amphibious command assets as my CTF reserve. I will have a CMOC in each of the 8 sectors, and at the CTF HQ using Civil Affairs assets. The Logistics Component Commander will be responsible for provision of logistic support to the force and the provision of HA where assets are available. COA Statements con’t

50. All other Component Commanders will provide general support to the main effort at each phase. I intend to deploy the CTF HQ to Hobart when the LCC is established, and has completed Phase II, in order to co-locate with SRSG. Endstate: We will have achieved our mission when the existing governments of North and South Tindoro can maintain security without our assistance, and when these governments along with the NGO/IOs and other relief agencies, coordinated by the office of the SRSG can deliver humanitarian relief, and reintegrate displaced persons, without our assistance. COA Statements con’t

51. Staff Estimate AIR STAFF ESTIMATE

52. STAFF ESTIMATES GROUND OPERATIONS

53. STAFF ESTIMATES Maritime

54. STAFF ESTIMATES Special Operations

55. STAFF ESTIMATES Medical

56. STAFF ESTIMATES Legal

57. STAFF ESTIMATES COMMAND AND CONTROL

58. STAFF ESTIMATES Communications

59. STAFF ESTIMATES ENGINEER

60. STAFF ESTIMATES Intelligence

61. LOGISTICS EXERCISE BLUE SINGA

62. STAFF ESTIMATES Civil Affairs & PSYOPS KNOWN FACTS, CURRENT STATUS AND CONDITIONS

63. STAFF ESTIMATES Special Operations

64. STAFF ESTIMATES Medical

65. STAFF ESTIMATES Legal

66. Commander’s Guidance