1. A Southern Agenda on Trade and Environment Mark Halle IISD Stellenbosch, 10 June 2004

2. Origins of the T & E Debate Havana 1947 and the ITO GATT Tuna-Dolphin

3. Uruguay Round, WTO and the First Phase The Good News –CTE The Bad News –Fear of challenge –MEAs –Ecolabelling –Aversion to Precaution –Fear of PPMs

4. Committee on Trade and Environment Little progress: Singapore, Geneva, Seattle Fish subsidies ready to go in Seattle Doha: the breakthrough, or was it?

5. Developed and Developing Country Views Developed Countries –Consumer demand –Trade advantage –Green protection? Developing Countries –Rejection (with exceptions – MEAs) –Fear of complication, overload –Fear of green protection –Negative agenda

6. T&E Debate in WTO: Not Just CTE Crystallization Jurisprudence –Asbestos –Shrimp-Turtle –Moving beyond GATT-only Emerging rejection of environmental straight- jacket Little positive activity from developing countries

7. Southern Agenda Phase I Desk research Geneva consultation Presentation at WTO Public Symposium

8. Doha: The Penny Drops South in general poorly prepared Para. 31: negotiation Para. 32: clarification Para. 33: technical assistance Environment everywhere: TRIPS, Rules, Services, Agriculture, etc.

9. The Need for a Positive Agenda Environment here to stay Rising demand to place WTO in context Need to address a horizontal agenda

10. Southern Agenda Phase II Geneva consultations Regional consultations –West Africa (July 03) –South America (October 03) –South/Southeast Asia (January 04) –Northeast Asia –Central America? –Caribbean?

11. SA II Outputs Vision Book Resource Book Archive

12. Expectations of the Meeting Think “out of the box” and outside today’s issues Focus on Eastern and Southern Africa’s national and regional interests Focus on the broad negotiating agenda Think beyond WTO – eg. Cotonou Identify areas of common N-S interest

13. Current Trends Self-contained WTO a thing of the past Developing countries emerging Development tests strengthening One size fits all fading But: too easy to blame the trading system If WTO must be more inclusive, so must its members