1. Financial Management Institute Workshop Keeping it Interesting

2. Power Point or Paper Small groups versus large Tips still apply Paper – indicate where you are.

3. Keeping it Interesting Individuals have different ways of taking in information. Variety helps to break monotony and add interest Simple rules may help

4. Rule of Three People can only process so much information at once. Limit points to related items Try to limit the number to 2 to 4.

5. Layer Presentations Start with the big picture (forest) Add level of detail (trees) If necessary, proceed to fine detail (branches and twigs)

6. Advantages of Layering Allows senior to set the pace and determine the priorities Sets the context for detailed information Shows how pieces fit into a larger view

7. Example of Layering Section 1: Overall Financial Situation – Bottom Lines Section 2: Overview of Revenue, Expense, Assets and Liabilities Section 3: Detailed Analysis of Revenue, Expense, Assets and Liabilities

8. Layering Surplus/ Deficit Debt/Accumulated Deficit Revenue Revenue by Code/Source Liabilities by Type Expense by Code/Agency Liabilities Expense Assets Assets by Category Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3

9. Layering Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Total Agricultural Production LivestockCrops Cattle, Hogs, Sheep, etc. Wheat, Oats, Barley, Canola Pulse, Etc.

10. Mix Presentation Styles Three types of people: Verbal people Number people Visual people Mixing styles help reach all three and keeps interest

11. Keep it Simple Use clear but concise language/tables Use lots of white space Focus on the main points

12. Verbal Material While lengthy and complex sentence structures and paragraphing are expected standards and encouraged in academic literature, in the context of most business applications and, especially, in the process of briefing senior officials, such structural constructs may be of limited practical application lest verbosity, complexity, repetition and potential redundancies result in uncertainty and obfuscation of the critical information originally intended to be conveyed, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the briefing effort and, potentially, alienating the very audience with which one is initially intending to communicate to the point that continued interest on the part of that audience may be difficult to re-establish or, indeed, to maintain at any level.

13. Use Bullets Bullets help to: keep it simple; keep it concise; and, organize several related points.

14. Using Numbers Keep tables simple and clean Use round numbers in tables and text Avoid mixing number formats (dollars, percentages, growth rates, etc.)

15. Clean Tables

17. Visual Presentations A picture says a thousand words Keep graphs simple Label clearly

18. Bar charts

19. Clustered Bar Charts

20. Stacked Bars

21. Pie Charts

23. Line Graphs

24. Graphs to Avoid Dual Axes charts Multi-dimensional charts Too many data categories

25. Dual Axes Graphs

26. Multi-dimensional Graphs

27. Too Many Data Categories

28. Summary Do not assume deep understanding from your audience Layer presentation focussing on main points in each layer Mix verbal, visual and numeric approaches

29. Financial Management Institute Workshop Applied Techniques

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36. Manitoba Financial Statements, 2008-09 Compared to last year: the accumulated deficit is up $311 million; public debt is up $899 million; the operating surplus is down $88 million; revenue is up $ 419 million; and, expense is up $517 million.

37. Manitoba Financial Position

38. Manitoba Debt

39. Debt History

40. Operations Highlights Compared to last year: Operating surplus is down $88 million; Revenue is up $ 419 million; and Operating expense is up $507 million.

41. Revenue and Expense

42. Revenue Growth Revenue is up $419 million over last year: Taxation (up $249 million); Federal transfers (up $269 million), and; Other Revenue (down $99 million).

43. 2008-09 Revenue Composition

44. 2008-09 Operating Expense

45. Since 2008-09 Budget Since the Budget: revenue is up about $592 million; expense is up about $ 218 million; and the surplus is up $374 million.

46. Comparison to Budget

47. Revenue Increases Since the Budget, revenue is up $592 million: taxation (up $178 million), transfers from the federal government (up $40 million): and, other revenue (up $374 million).

48. Allocation of New Revenue The $592 million in revenue increase since the Budget has gone to: increased surplus (or debt reduction) (up $374 million); expense increases ( up $218 million).

49. Overview of Statements Revenue is up significantly, leading to: a higher surplus; reduced debt; and, lower government liabilities.

50. Financial Management Institute Workshop Summary and Overview

51. Overview In this session we have discussed: the context for briefings general rules for briefing senior officials; briefing on financial issues; keeping briefings interesting; and, specific applications of techniques.

52. Context Ministerial accountability Legislated responsibility Role of officials

53. General Rules Understand your audience Respect time pressures Let the audience set priorities Keep it brief Focus on main points Be flexible in time and subject focus

54. Briefing on Financial Issues Keep it simple Focus on big issues Prepare options for problem areas

55. Keeping it Interesting Rule of 3 Layer presentations Mix presentation styles Different charts for different purposes

56. Objectives Context for Briefing Ministers/Senior Officials General Information on Briefing Special Needs in Financial Briefings Tips and Techniques

57. Wrap up Understanding financial issues is very important to good management. Not all senior managers have a financial focus. Presenting information well helps managers manage.