1. Meet the Colon
What it does,
When to use it,
And why not to be afraid!

2. What is a Colon?
Punctuation mark that introduces a phrase, explanation, example, or list
Separates two clauses in a sentence when the second clause further explains the first

3. Colon Use #1 Use a colon when introducing parts of a list. Examples:
I have three favorite types of dogs: German shepherds, golden retrievers, and corgis.
When you come to camp, you should have the following supplies: a sleeping bag, a tooth brush, and a change of clothes.

4. Colon Use #1
However, do not use a colon before a list if that list is grammatically essential to the wording of the sentence.
Examples:
My three favorite dogs breeds are German shepherds, golden retrievers, and corgis.
When you come to camp, you should bring a sleeping bag, a tooth brush, and a change of clothes.

5. Colon Use #2
Use a colon after an independent clause when it is followed by another phrase that is directly related to the independent clause.
The second phrase could be an elaboration, an explanation, or a set of directions.
Or, use a colon to separate two independent clauses when the clauses are of unequal weight.

6. Colon Use#2
Example:
I know the perfect job for my sister: a veterinarian.
After work, I will be picking my kids up from school: they go to Clays Mill Elementary.
When I get home today, I have a lot of laundry to do: socks and sweatshirts are waiting for me.
Caution: This rule can be easily confused with semicolons.

7. Colon Use #2 Joins two independent clauses of equal weight
Semicolon
Joins two independent clauses of unequal weight
Used after an independent clause when the 2nd clause of the sentence elaborates on the independent clause
EX: I don’t understand why everyone shops at that store: everything there is so expensive.
Joins two independent clauses of equal weight
EX: Friends was my favorite t.v. show of the 90s; it is actually my favorite show of all time.

8. Colon Use #3
Use a colon to set off a citation that is not involved in the structure of the main sentence.
Example:
In The Hunger Games, Katniss gets in trouble for not being more likable: “You’ve got about as much charm as a dead slug.”
After every holiday season, my dad always gets in trouble with his doctor: “Tom, you’ve gained 14 pounds since I saw you last!”

9. Colon Use #4 Use a colon when punctuating time or Biblical verses.
Example:
6:10
John 9:15

10. Practice #1 Does this sentence need a colon? If so, where?
When I go to Kroger later today, I need to pick up milk, eggs, Chex Mix, and hamburger buns.
Answer: No. Rule #1

11. Practice #2
Is the colon in this sentence used correctly? Why or why not?
Never forget your teacher’s main point: Grammar is important!
Answer: Yes. Rule #2. The second phrase further illustrates the first.