1. Page 1 File Systems and Disk Management Lecture 5 Hassan Shuja 10/19/2004

2. Page 2 File Systems Different File Systems – FAT/FAT32 – NTFS – CDFS – UDF

3. Page 3 File Systems FAT/FAT32 – FAT – Older and for management of smaller disk – Compatible with NT/2k/9x/3.1/MS-DOS/OS/2 – No security – Filenames up to 255 characters and not case sensitive – Volume size is 2GB in all systems, except for NT and W2k which is 4GB – You can format floppy disks – FAT32 – Only supported by W2k, Windows 98, and Windows 95 – No Security – Filename up to 255 characters and not case sensitive – Additional 32 bit application support – Volume is up to 32GB

4. Page 4 File Systems NTFS – Only available in Windows 2000 and NT – Allows for security permission on files and folders – Supports Encryption File System (EFS) – Naming conventions similar to FAT/FAT32 – Theoretical size of volume can be 16 exabytes – Functional limit of 2TB – Additional Features – Supports compressions for files – Highly reliable and recoverable file system – NTFS allows for mounting of a space in a different volume – NTFS supports disk quotas

5. Page 5 File Systems CDFS/UDF – CDFS – Supports access to compact discs – Not used for Hard disk and only for CD-ROM – UDF – Used to access read-only digital video discs (DVD)

6. Page 6 File Systems Converting to NTFS – FAT can be converted to NTFS without the loss of data – Convert command is run in the command window – Convert D: /FS:NTFS /V – NTFS can be downgraded to FAT but it requires back up of data

7. Page 7 File Systems Compression – In W2k all files and folders have ability to be compressed – Recommended for large files that are not used frequently – All files and folders moved between NTFS volumes inherit destination folders compression attribute – Files and Folders that are moved within the same NTFS volume retain their compression attribute – When moved or copied to a FAT volume, the compression attribute is lost

8. Page 8 File Systems Disk Storage Types – Basic Disks – Contains primary or extended partitions – Can have up to maximum 4 partitions – Maximum of 4 Primary and 1 extended – Clustering is only available on this – Dynamic Disks – Support unlimited number of volumes that can span physical drives – Supports fault-tolerance – Only supported by Windows 2000

9. Page 9 File Systems Partition – Primary – The OS is booted from this partition – Can only have 4 per disk – Extended – Can only have 1 per disk – Not bootable – Can be subdivided into one or more logical drives – Logical drives can be formatted with FAT,FAT32, or NTFS

10. Page 10 File Systems Volume Types – Dynamic disks support 5 volume types: – Simple – Spanned – Striped – Mirrored – Raid-5

11. Page 11 File Systems Volume Types – Simple – Can be formatted with FAT, FAT32, or NTFS – No fault tolerance – Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000 – Spanned – Combines free space from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume – No fault tolerance – No Gain of speed or loss of speed in a spanned volume – Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

12. Page 12 File Systems Volume Types – Striped – Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume – Data is stored a block at a time, evenly and sequentially, among all of the disks in the striped volume – Fastest disk access – No fault tolerance – Also known as RAID 0 – Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

13. Page 13 File Systems Volume Types – Mirrored – Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume – A simple volume that is exactly duplicated onto a second dynamic disk – No Speed gain or loss – Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server – Also known as RAID 1 – Limited fault tolerance

14. Page 14 File Systems Volume Types – RAID 3 – Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant – Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all disks designated for data, parity information is written on separate disk – Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume – Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server – Limited fault tolerance

15. Page 15 File Systems Volume Types – RAID 5 – Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant – Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all 3 or more disks, also parity information is written across all of the disks – Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume – Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server – Limited fault tolerance