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3. + UN Plan for Palestine (1947) Partition (separate) the area into 2 countries Israel (Jewish State) 55% of land and Palestine (Arab State) 45% of land Total Population 1.8 million people 1.2 million Arabs 600,000 Jews Jerusalem “international city” controlled by UN Plan accepted by Jews Rejected by Arabs No arab committee

4. + 1948 War May 14, 1948 Israel officially formed May 15, 1948 Israel attacked by 6 Arab countries Approx. 750,000 Palestinians were forced to leave Approx. 800,000 Jews in Arab countries forced to leave for Israel Israel After War: Jordan controls West Bank Egypt controls Gaza Strip Israel takes much of Palestine & W Jerusalem Israel takes E Jerusalem including many religious sites

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6. + Suez Canal Crisis 1956 Egypt Nationalizes the Suez Canal in 1956 Close the Strait of Tiran cutting off Israeli access to Red Sea Israel attacks Egypt with help of UK & France UN peacekeepers sent to maintain peace in area QUICKSTOP: Why do you think the UK and France got involved on the side of Israel?

7. + 1967 War Israel believes its neighbors are preparing for war Surprise attack against Egypt on June 5, 1967 Also attacks Syria and Jordan Defeats all three countries within six days Takes control of: West Bank & E. Jerusalem from Jordan Sinai & Gaza Strip from Egypt Golan Heights from Syria Quick stop: How do you think the rest of the world viewed Israel after they attacked and defeated 3 countries in 6 days?

8. + Camp David Accords 1977 Egypt (led by Anwar Sadat) engages Israel in peace talks 1978: Camp David Accords U.S President Jimmy Carter invites Sadat (Egypt) and Begin (Israel) to Camp David Egypt recognizes Israel as a country Israel gives Sinai Peninsula back First agreement between Israel and Arab nation

9. + Intifada Palestinian uprising or intifada against Israeli occupation, living conditions, and to demand independence that begins in 1987. Includes P demonstrations, strikes, boycotts, rock throwing and gasoline bombs. Israeli military response ~ 400+ Israelis killed ~1,500+ Palestinians killed