1. Biology Discussion Notes
Tuesday 11/18/2014

2. Goals for the Day
Learn the basic functions of Eukaryotic cell organelles
Be able to separate organelles as belonging to plant cells, animal cells, or both.
Be able to separate organelles as belonging to Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

3. Question of the Day
What are 5 cell parts that ALL cells contain?

4. Common Features of Cells
ALL Cells (Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes) share common structural features, including:
Cell membrane-an outer boundary of the cell
Cytoplasm-interior substance of the cell
Cytoskeleton-structural support for the cell
DNA –form of genetic material
Ribosomes- cellular structures that make proteins

5. Species of the day 11/17 Olive Baboon Papio anubis
Is this baboon a prokaryote or a eukaryote? What cell parts do you know it has?

6. EUKARYOTIC Cell Organelles
Membrane-bound Organelles
Organs for cells
Nucleus
Controls all cell activities
Contains DNA

7. Eukaryotic Cells

8. Nucleus of a Cell

9. The Nucleus, continued

10. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Rough ER has ribosomes
makes/transports proteins
Smooth ER
makes/transports lipids

11. Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells.

12. Golgi bodies
Golgi bodies
Storage and Packaging
The UPS of the cell

13. Lysosome
Lysosomes- small, spherical organelles that contain the cell’s digestive enzymes
Function: Digestion & Recycling
(The garbage man of the cell)

14. Structures of Plant Cells
What 2 structures (cell organelles) did we learn about last unit that PLANT cells contain buy animal cells do not?

15. Structures of Plant Cells
Plants have three unique structures that are not found in animal cells:
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Central Vacuole

16. Structures of Plant Cells
Cell Wall –surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells, and is made of proteins and carbohydrates.
Functions of the Cell Wall:
protects the cell from damage
connects the cell with adjacent cells
helps support and maintain the shape of the cell

17. Are plants the only organisms with a cell wall?

18. Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole:
Most of a plant cell’s volume is taken up by the central vacuole.
Functions:
stores water, nutrients, and wastes

19. Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole:
Takes over the function of the Lysosome, which is not found in plant cells!!!
Why might plants want to retain toxins and wastes inside the cell???

20. Correct this statement
Chloroplasts
convert light energy into USABLE energy
CHEMICAL not usable yet! That process is done by cell respiration

21. Mitochondria Mitochondria (Powerhouse of the cell)
Convert sugar into usable energy (______)
Where in your body would you need a lot of mitochondria?

22. Mitochondria, continued
Mitochondria have an inner and an outer membrane.

23. Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
Unique features of the mitochondria & chloroplast:
Both are energy-related organelles
Have two membranes
Have their own DNA
Reproduce separately from the cell

24. Cell Wall & Cell Membrane
If bacteria, plants, & fungi have cell walls, do they have a cell membrane?
Explain.

25. Organizing Organelles

26. Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola

27. Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola

28. Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola

29. Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola

30. Species of the day 11/21 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola
What cells parts does this ocean sunfish have? Name as many as you can.