1. Skin conditons & disorders
Learning Targets:
By the end of today, you should be able to:
Describe symptoms of several skin conditions.
Explain causes of several skin conditions.
If given pictures, recognize various skin conditions.

2. Acne Vulgaris
Long-term skin condition characterized by areas of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, or oily skin
Increased secretion of oil by sebaceous glands
Often related to increase in hormones during puberty
Genetics is estimated to be the cause in % of cases
 The role of diet as a cause is unclear
 Neither cleanliness nor sunlight appear to be involved.
 Excessive growth of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, which is normally present on the skin, is often involved.

3. Acne Vulgaris

4. Dandruff White flakes of dead skin cells from the scalp
Not contagious, easily controlled
Causes:
Dry skin
Irritated, oily skin
Not shampooing often enough
Causes oil and skin cells to build up
Other skin conditions
Sensitivity to hair care products

5. Eczema (Dermatitis) Inflammation of the skin
Characterized by itchy, crusting patches
In infants, it can develop into blisters which ooze
Cause is unclear, although it is thought to be linked to overactive response by your immune system to an irritant
Commonly found in families with history of allergies or asthma
Some people may have “flare-ups” in response to certain substances or conditions
Treated with moisturizers and steroid creams

6. Psoriasis
Chronic skin disorder in which epidermal cells grow too quickly
More serious than eczema
Results in thick, white, or red patches on skin
Caused when immune system  mistakes a normal skin cell for a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that cause overproduction of new skin cells

7. Psoriasis Not contagious
In some people, psoriasis can cause a person’s joints to become swollen or painful
Symptoms often disappear without treatment and then return
Triggers for flare-ups can include:
Infections
Stress
Certain medications
Skin injuries
Cold weather
Affects 2-4% of the population

8. Difference between Eczema and Psoriasis
Psoriasis actually alters the way skin cells are made, while eczema mainly increases their sensitivity to the environment.

9. Rosacea Common skin condition that causes redness on your face
Often produces small, red, pus-filled bumps
Can be mistaken for acne
Can occur in anyone; more common in middle-aged women with fair skin
Left untreated, conditions worsen
Treated with antibiotics or creams

10. MRSA Stands for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Any strain of staph bacteria that has developed resistance to most antibiotics (including penicillin)
Usually start as small red bumps resembling pimples or spider bites
Spread through direct contact with infected wound or by sharing personal items that have touched infected skin
Infections usually occur in hospitals or other health-care settings

11. MRSA Another type occurs amongst healthy people
Click image for 5 min video
MRSA
Another type occurs amongst healthy people
Begins as painful skin boil
At risk groups include HS wrestlers, child care workers, and people who live in crowded conditions
Staph bacteria usually found on skin or in nose of about 1/3 of population
Not harmful unless they enter cut or wound
Treated with different antibiotics or abscess is simply drained

12. Copyright 2003 by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
MRSA
Copyright 2003 by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Impetigo
Highly contagious skin infection that usually affects infants and children
Usually appears as red sores on the face, especially around a child's nose and mouth
Sores burst and develop honey-colored crusts
Can clear on its own in 2-3 weeks; antibiotics speed up healing

14. Albinism Inherited recessive disorder in which melanin is not produced
Usually inherited from 2 heterozygous parents (they carry the gene)
Associated with a number of vision defects
Life span is unaffected by the disorder
Affects 1 in 17,000 people