1. Principles of Flight

2. Warm-Up Questions CPS Questions 1-2
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

3. Chapter Overview Lesson 1: Principles of Flight
Lesson 2: The Physics of Flight
Lesson 3: The Purpose and Function of
Airplane Parts
Lesson 4: Aircraft Motion and Control
Lesson 5: Flight Power
Lesson 6: Aviation Innovation
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

4. Lesson Overview The theory of flight Airfoils and flight
Newton's laws of motion and aircraft design
Bernoulli’s principle, airfoils, and flight
The effect of relative wind on flight
The effect of angle of attack on flight
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

5. (Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)
Quick Write
What kinds of things do you think Chuck Yeager had to learn to accomplish
all that he did?
(Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Courtesy of US Air Force

6. The Theory of Flight Chinese Book of Sui – AD 636
Marco Polo’s man-lifting kites – 13th Century
Montgolfier Brothers first hot air balloon – 1783
First manned gliders – 100 years later
Propeller-driven airplanes, jets, astronauts to the moon – 20th century
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

7. Airfoils Help create the force for lift
Can be wings or propeller blades
Include leading and trailing edges and cambers and chord lines
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Adapted from NASA/Glenn Research Center .

8. Wind Tunnels Help test models of new aircraft Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA/Glenn Research Center

9. Wind Tunnels, cont.
The Wright Brothers tested more than 200 wing shapes in a tunnel before the successful glider
Researchers can carefully control airflow conditions and measure the forces on an aircraft model
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Courtesy of NASA

10. Newton’s First Law of Motion
A body in motion tends to stay in motion in a straight line, and a body at rest tends to stay at rest, unless an outside force causes it to stop
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
© iStockphoto/Thinkstock

11. Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Explains how much force is needed to cause an object to move faster
Force = mass x acceleration, or F = ma
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Waiting for Credit line if needed

12. Newton’s Second Law of Motion, cont.
You could use F=ma to calculate exactly how powerful an engine would have to be to supply enough pushing force to accelerate for takeoff
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Courtesy of NASA

13. Activity 1: Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion
Review Newton’s First and Second Laws of Motion and their mathematical formulas
Apply the formulas to complete the questions
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

14. Learning Check Questions CPS Questions 3-4
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

15. Newton’s Third Law of Motion
“For every action is there an equal and opposite reaction”
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA

16. Newton’s Third Law of Motion, cont.
Jet propulsion is an example
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Courtesy of US Air Force

17. Activity 2: Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Review Newton’s Third Law and the scenario
Answer questions using the principle of Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

18. Bernoulli’s Principle
Increased airflow causes a decrease in air pressure
Air flowing over the curved upper surface of a wing speeds up
Increase in speed reduces pressure above the wing and produces the upward lifting force
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA Quest

19. Activity 3: Bernoulli’s Principle in Action
In your assigned group, conduct an experiment to demonstrate Bernoulli’s Principle in action
Follow the procedures in order and record what happened
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

20. Effect of Relative Wind on Flight
Relative wind has both a speed and a direction
When a plane flies, relative wind blows in nearly the exact opposite direction to the plane’s direction
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from Civil Air Patrol

21. Learning Check Questions CPS Questions 5-6
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

22. Effect of Angle of Attack on Flight
If a plane alters pitch— the up and down movement of the plane’s nose—the angle of attack on its wings will change
As angle of attack increases, wings generate more lifting force
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA/Glenn Research Center .

23. Critical Angle of Attack
Point at which a plane stalls—around 15⁰
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA/Glenn Research Center

24. Activity 4: Building Planes and Concepts of Flight
Build a paper jet airplane
With a group, conduct some flight tests
Determine what concepts and principles of flight are observed
Record findings on chart
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

25. Summary The theory of flight Airfoils and flight
Newton's laws of motion and aircraft design
Bernoulli’s principle, airfoils, and flight
The effect of relative wind on flight
The effect of angle of attack on flight
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

26. Review Questions CPS Questions 7-8
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

27. Next…. Done – principles of flight Next - physics of flight
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Reproduced from NASA/Glenn Research CenterReproduced Center