1. + Video: 10 Extraordinary StatisticsExtraordinary http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BE54mDs6St4&saf ety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

2. + The AP Exam 3 Hours; 40 Multiple Choice Questions, 5 Free-Response, 1 “Investigative Task” You CAN be successful on this exam IF you put forth the effort ALL YEAR LONG. ▫ I will provide you with LOTS of preparation materials, as well as insight from the grading of the exam. ▫ I need you to provide the effort You are REQUIRED to take the AP exam. This promises you at least a C the last quarter. If you don’t for some reason, be prepared.

3. + To Sum It All Up… My goal is for you to understand statistics and how it plays a role in your current and future life. My hope is that you will be successful in this course and earn a passing score on the AP Exam My expectation is that you will put for the effort necessary to be successful in a college-level course.

4. + The Story: My boyfriend gave me some M&Ms. Then he wanted to play a game. He wanted to randomly pull out some M&Ms and if they were green, I had to give him a kiss. He pulled out 5 M&Ms and 3 of them were green!! Could this happen or was he tricking me? Steps: Try with your bag of M&Ms (no kissing!) Count the number of green out of 5 Put your results on your dotplot

5. + Was I tricked? How do you know? So what is statistics: Amount of Variation is random but not unexplainable Unlikely can happen but unusual or maybe unusual is unlikely

6. + Quick Anonymous Survey Please complete on notecard: 1. Gender 2. Height in inches 3. Highest ACT score 4. GPA 5. Number of pairs of shoes you own 6. Fastest speed you have driven 7. Year of the car you drive 8. Months of longest dating relationship

7. + The Practice of Statistics, 4 th edition - For AP* STARNES, YATES, MOORE Chapter 1: Exploring Data Introduction Data Analysis: Making Sense of Data

8. + Chapter 1 Exploring Data Introduction: Data Analysis: Making Sense of Data 1.1Analyzing Categorical Data 1.2Displaying Quantitative Data with Graphs 1.3Describing Quantitative Data with Numbers

9. + Introduction Data Analysis: Making Sense of Data After this section, you should be able to… DEFINE “Individuals” and “Variables” DISTINGUISH between “Categorical” and “Quantitative” variables DEFINE “Distribution” DESCRIBE the idea behind “Inference” Learning Objectives

10. + Data Analysis Statistics is the science of data. Data Analysis is the process of organizing, displaying, summarizing, and asking questions about data. Definitions: Individuals – objects (people, animals, things) described by a set of data Variable - any characteristic of an individual Categorical Variable – places an individual into one of several groups or categories. Quantitative Variable – takes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average.

11. + Data Analysis A variable generally takes on many different values.In data analysis, we are interested in how often avariable takes on each value. Definition: Distribution – tells us what values a variable takes and how often it takes those values

12. + Add numerical summaries Data Analysis Examine each variable by itself. Then study relationships among the variables. Start with a graph or graphs How to Explore Data

13. + Data Analysis From Data Analysis to Inference Population Sample Collect data from a representative Sample... Perform Data Analysis, keeping probability in mind… Make an Inference about the Population.

14. + Discrimination?!?!?!?

15. + Hiring Discrimination? An airline has just finished training 25 junior pilots – 15 male and 10 female – to become captains. Unfortunately only 8 captain positions are available right now. Airline managers announce that they will use a lottery process to determine which pilots will fill the available positions. The names of all 25 pilots will be written on identical slips of paper, placed in a hat, mixed thoroughly, and drawn out one at a time until all 8 captains have been identified. An airline has just finished training 25 junior pilots – 15 male and 10 female – to become captains. Unfortunately only 8 captain positions are available right now. Airline managers announce that they will use a lottery process to determine which pilots will fill the available positions. The names of all 25 pilots will be written on identical slips of paper, placed in a hat, mixed thoroughly, and drawn out one at a time until all 8 captains have been identified.

16. + A day later, managers announce the results of the lottery. Of the 8 captains chosen,5 are female and only 3 are maleSome of the male pilots who were not selected suspect that the lottery was not carried out fairly. One of the pilots knows that you are taking a statistics class, and comes to you for advice. You offer to consult with your classmates and get back to him. A day later, managers announce the results of the lottery. Of the 8 captains chosen, 5 are female and only 3 are male. Some of the male pilots who were not selected suspect that the lottery was not carried out fairly. One of the pilots knows that you are taking a statistics class, and comes to you for advice. You offer to consult with your classmates and get back to him. Hiring Discrimination?

17. + The Key Question: The Key Question: Could these results have happened just by chance? (That is, without any discrimination?) To find out… simulation To find out… simulation Take index cards; cut in half; create 15 male and 10 female cards. Take index cards; cut in half; create 15 male and 10 female cards. Without looking, remove slips of paper one at a time until 8 “people” have been chosen. Without looking, remove slips of paper one at a time until 8 “people” have been chosen. Count the number of female pilots selected. Record the value. Count the number of female pilots selected. Record the value. Return the pieces of paper to the bag and mix them up. Repeat the process 4 more times for a total of 5 trials. Return the pieces of paper to the bag and mix them up. Repeat the process 4 more times for a total of 5 trials. Hiring Discrimination?

18. Activity: Hiring Discrimination Perform 5 repetitions of your simulation. Plot your data on the number line on the board What can we conclude? Data Analysis Teacher: Right- click (control- click) on the graph to edit the counts.

19. + Introduction Data Analysis: Making Sense of Data In this section, we learned that… A dataset contains information on individuals. For each individual, data give values for one or more variables. Variables can be categorical or quantitative. The distribution of a variable describes what values it takes and how often it takes them. Inference is the process of making a conclusion about a population based on a sample set of data. Summary

20. + Looking Ahead… We’ll learn how to analyze categorical data. Bar Graphs Pie Charts Two-Way Tables Conditional Distributions We’ll also learn how to organize a statistical problem. In the next Section… Now complete CYU and HW- due tomorrow