1. Richard Fisher 1 The University of Texas at Dallas Project Management Richard Fisher The University of Texas at Dallas

2. Richard Fisher 2 The University of Texas at Dallas Project Management A PROJECT is a set of tasks (activities) with a definite beginning and ending point. Phases –Project Planning –Project Scheduling –Project Tracking

3. Richard Fisher 3 The University of Texas at Dallas Tasks F Task (Activity) --A work component needed to be accomplished; a task within the overall project that has a definite beginning and ending point. The activity consumes time.

4. Richard Fisher 4 The University of Texas at Dallas Work Breakdown Structure (pp 88-89) F Developed before the dependencies are identified and activity durations are estimated. F List of tasks and duration (work) required for project F WBS is foundation for project schedule

5. Richard Fisher 5 The University of Texas at Dallas Decomposition F Breaking a Task into smaller Tasks or Sub- Tasks F The lowest level tasks are independent, manageable units and can be performed in a reasonable (measurable) amount of time F The project manager is typically responsible for defining all top level tasks

6. Richard Fisher 6 The University of Texas at Dallas Decomposition Example F Using Microsoft Word as a decomposition tool F WBS Example WBS Example F Student setting up their first web page on the UTD server assignmentassignment F Fence Assignment (Individual Assignment 1) Fence Assignment F MS Project Assignment (Individual Assignment 2) MS Project Assignment

7. Richard Fisher 7 The University of Texas at Dallas Steps in Project Management Network Analysis F Task Definition and Decomposition F Define Relationships F Estimate Task Times F Construct Diagram F Network Evaluation F Project Tracking and Revision

8. Richard Fisher 8 The University of Texas at Dallas PM Networks ACTIVITY (TASK) --A work component needed to be accomplished; a task within the overall project that has a definite beginning and ending point. The activity consumes time. EVENTS -- Designates the beginning and / or ending of activities. A point in time. Also shows the precedence relationships of the activities. NETWORK -- A combination of Activities and Events that describe the logic of the project. There is one definite starting and ending point.

9. Richard Fisher 9 The University of Texas at Dallas Relationships F Relationships determine task sequencing F Finish-to-Start –Task B cannot start until Task A is finished –Most common type F Start-to-Start –Task B cannot start until Task A is started –A delay is often used in this relationship AB A B

10. Richard Fisher 10 The University of Texas at Dallas Relationships F Finish-to-Finish –Task B cannot finish until Task A is finished F Start-to-Finish –Task B cannot finish until Task A is started A B A B

11. Richard Fisher 11 The University of Texas at Dallas Precedence Relationships Task C may not begin until both A and B have been completed. A and B may occur concurrently and are parallel tasks. B A CD B A C F D E Task D may begin after B is completed. Task E may begin after C is completed. A-B-D-F and A-C-E-F are parallel paths.

12. Richard Fisher 12 The University of Texas at Dallas CPM- Critical Path Method CRITICAL PATH -- The path through the network consisting of several activities whose total activity times are the longest of any path through the network. The most pressing, dangerous, risky path through the network. Usually denoted by heavy lines through the activities on the Critical Path. CRITICAL PATH TIME -- Total time of all activities on the critical path.

13. Richard Fisher 13 The University of Texas at Dallas CPM Terminology EXPECTED TIME of a task (activity) EARLIEST START -- Earliest time expected to complete all previous tasks. EARLIEST FINISH = ES + T for a task. LATEST FINISH -- Latest time a task can finish and still allow the project to finish on time. LATEST START = LF - T for a task. SLACK TIME = LS - ES or LF - EF (there is NO slack on the CP) T ES EF LF LS S

14. Richard Fisher 14 The University of Texas at Dallas Network Evaluation Steps 1. Construct network diagram showing tasks, relationships and task times using standard format 2. Define the various paths through the network 3. Moving from left-to-right calculate the ES (Earliest Start) and EF (Earliest Finish) time for each task 4. Define Critical Path 5. Moving from right-to-left calculate the LF(Latest Finish) and LS (Latest Start) for each task 6. Note Slack Times

15. Richard Fisher 15 The University of Texas at Dallas Sample Laboratory Example

16. Richard Fisher 16 The University of Texas at Dallas Task (Activity) Diagramming On the critical path: ES = LS & EF = LF T ESEF LFLS (Expected Task time) 1. Description of Task goes here

17. Richard Fisher 17 The University of Texas at Dallas Sample Laboratory CMP 1. Begin project 3.Inspect lab 2. Build lab 4.Install equip 6. Train Staff 5.Recruit staff 7. Pilot eval 8. End project

18. Richard Fisher 18 The University of Texas at Dallas Sample Laboratory CMP

19. Richard Fisher 19 The University of Texas at Dallas Gantt Charts F Use Horizontal Bars to represent Tasks on a Horizontal Time Line

20. Richard Fisher 20 The University of Texas at Dallas Gantt Charts

21. Richard Fisher 21 The University of Texas at Dallas PERT/CPM Charts F The Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) F Critical Path Method (CPM) F The distinctions between the two methods have disappeared over time, and today the technique is called either PERT, CPM, or PERT/CPM

22. Richard Fisher 22 The University of Texas at Dallas PERT/CPM Charts F Overview of PERT/CPM –PERT/CPM is called a bottom-up technique –Project tasks –Once you know the tasks, their duration, and the order in which they must be performed, you can calculate the time that it will take to complete the project

23. Richard Fisher 23 The University of Texas at Dallas PERT/CPM Charts F PERT/CPM Tasks –Task box –Task ID –Task name –Task Duration –Start Day/Date –Finish Day/Date

24. Richard Fisher 24 The University of Texas at Dallas PERT/CPM Charts F A PERT/CPM Example with Five Tasks

25. Richard Fisher 25 The University of Texas at Dallas Web Page Example

26. Richard Fisher 26 The University of Texas at Dallas Project Tracking Tips F Update Project as needed F Make sure tasks are broken down enough to see progress (or lack of progress) F Poor “task status” communication often means poor progress F Watch for changes in Critical Path F Make sure that there are no “resource conflicts”