1. The Cold War

2. Soviet Union after WWII
Josef Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin’s death.
Government
Soviets set up a puppet government; People do what they are told.
The government becomes one party (Communist) system did

3. Iron Curtain Life in East Europe/Soviet Union
New factories were built
All decisions about factories made by the government
Collective farms ~ All crops
produced by collective farms were distributed by the gov’t.
After WWII an invisible wall was created between the Soviet-controlled countries of Eastern Europe and Western Europe.
Five Year Plan
Made 5 plans to improve the economy
Building factories and collective farms.
Stalin used secret police to get rid of people he did not trust

4. What did the end of WWII mean for Russia?
~Communist government and troops occupied/took over Eastern Europe
What was Russia now called?
~Soviet Union
Cold War Division
Which countries were against communism?
~US and Britain
What type of government did they want?
~Democracy
What was set up to help Western Europe recover?
~Marshall Plan and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

5. Berlin Wall
Describe the purpose of the Berlin Wall
What did each side of the wall represent?
symbolized Cold War divisions
~East: Warsaw Pact – communism
~West: North Atlantic Treaty Organization – U.S. strong member helped rebuild W. Europe

6. Democratic West Unites
What did W. Europe represent?
~democracy/free government
What was helping W. Europe rebuild?
~economy
~democracy
Describe NATO
~North Atlantic Treaty Organization – US strong member helped rebuild Western Europe

7. Communist control East What was the E. European alliance called?
~ Warsaw Pact – communist East Europe
List at least 3 facts about E. European control:
~communism
~Used force to control citizens
~Used E. European countries as satellites/puppets
~E. Europeans were not free to cross borders
~Government controlled all businesses

8. The European Union
What is the European Union?
~economic and political partnership
Why did countries want to join?
~Economic stability
Define currency
~Type of payment – EU had 1 common currency = Euro

9. Democracy Spreads
What was happening in Europe in the 1980s?
~Communism was failing in Soviet and Eastern Europe
Communism fails
List 2 reasons communism was failing?
~Eastern economies couldn’t compete with industrial western
Europe
~Western Europe market economies – stronger than E. Europe’s command
Economy
What was happening in E. Europe economies?
~government made decisions better for country than for the people
~no motivation to work hard – govt limited pay
~food shortages

10. Who was Mikahil Gorbachev?
~New leader of Soviets after Stalin
What did Gorbachev do for the Soviet gov’t?
~Loosen Communist control
Which type of gov’t did Gorbachev support/want for the Soviets?
~Democracy

11. Democratic Revolution Spreads
What happened in 1980?
~Polish workers striked
How did Poland help to spread democracy?
~Polish won over Polish leaders and had free elections – end communist
Rule
What/who was Solidarity?
~Union of Polish workers

12. Germany Reunifies
List at least 4 facts about the reunification of Germany
~1989 protests for democracy begins
~demands led to free elections
~1989 Berlin Wall destroyed – reuniting Europe
~People in E. Germany were reunited with family in
W. Germany
When the Berlin wall came down, what did it symbolize?
~FREEDOM!!!

13. Cold War p 263 of orange text
Causes:
Political tension between the members of NATO and the nations in the
Warsaw Pact
W. Europe – democracies or constitutional monarchies (NATO)
E. Europe – communist (Warsaw Pact)
Feared use of nuclear weapons if war began
Effects:
Called Cold War because neither side wanted an actual war.
These countries refused to trade or cooperate with each other