1. WOODSTOVE CHANGEOUT ON THE

2. Johna Boulafentis & Tui Moliga Nez Perce Tribe Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Air Quality Program

9. Hypothesis  Wood stove replacement will reduce indoor levels of PM and associated wood smoke chemical markers from domestic wood burning?

10. Project Partners  EPA  University of Montana  Northwest Indian College, Nez Perce Tribe Distance Learning Centers  Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals  Washington State University Extension Energy Program  Swinomish Tribe  Ni Mii Puu Health  Nez Perce Tribe Housing Authority  Nez Perce Tribe Forestry & Fire Division  Nez Perce Tribe Safety Program

11. Study Overview  Recruit 16 households  Outreach and Education  Measure before and after changeout –Ambient air –Indoor air –Health of asthmatic child  Conduct sampling during winter months  Wood stove changeout

12. Free EPA-Certified Woodstoves Available! Participate in ERWM’s Woodstove Study & Changeout Qualifying Residences: Use an old woodstove as the primary source of heat Are a nonsmoking, tribal member home in Lapwai or Kamiah Have a child between ages 6 and 17 with asthma or respiratory related illness Participants Receive: New, cleaner burning and more efficient woodstove Improved indoor air quality in home To participate or for more information, contact Johna Boulafentis at 843-9381 x23671

13. Outreach and Education  Office  Media –KLEW T.V. –Articles/Informational Notices –Letters & mass email –Posters  Field –Presentations & Air Quality Booth

16. Ambient Monitoring  Utilize existing network in Kamiah and Lapwai –PM2.5 TEOM –Met Site: temperature, RH, precipitation, wind speed –Forecasts of inversion conditions –EPA PM2.5 standards 24/hr is 35 μg/m 3, annual is 15 μg/m 3

17. Pre-Sampling  Initial meeting with participant –Discuss study and equipment –Keeping records of daily activities  Collect home information –Age of home, square footage, number of rooms –Wood type, cords burned per year, how long the wood was seasoned, how they acquire their wood

18. Health Study  Participants monitor their asthmatic child’s breathing for up to 2 weeks –Use a PiKo-1 Electronic Peak Flow Meter  Measures how much air the child can take into the lungs and breathe out  Record measurements on data sheet –Survey about child’s physical activity and emotions related to their respiratory illness

19. Indoor Air Sampling  Sample for 24-hour period, 2 to 4 sample days  Leland Sampler / Personal Environmental Monitor (PEM) with a quartz filter: –Organic Carbon / Elemental Carbon (OC/EC) –Chemical markers (vanillin, acetovanillone, guaiacol, 4- ethylguaiacol, levoglucosan, abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid)  DustTrak (continuous PM2.5 mass) set to run for 48 hours

20. Sample Day: Intern  Equipment duties –Calibration and set-up –Cleaning  Record Keeping –Documenting equipment readings –Downloading & emailing DustTrak data to Tony Ward, University of Montana

21. Indoor Sampling Equipment DustTrak PEM Leland (inside)

23. Sample Day: Participant  Record of home activities –2 pages: cooking, cleaning, candles, etc. –Nez Perce traditional burning (sweet grass, sage, patosway, or boiling of kouse kouse)  Record of wood burning activities – Loading and stoking –Size of logs and how many pieces used

24. Old Stoves & Equipment

25. Indoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout

26. PM2.5 Pre Changeout 4,000 ug/m3

27. Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 Levels Prior to Changeout Lapwai indoor Kamiah indoor Outdoor

28. The Changeout!

29. New Stoves

30. Indoor PM2.5 Levels Pre and Post Changeout

31. PM2.5 Post Changeout 180 ug/m3

32. Installation Inspection & Homeowner Training

33. Happy Homeowners!

34. Challenges  Sampling equipment malfunctions  Homeowners –Paperwork, no shows –Selecting 4 new homes mid-study  Distance to Kamiah  Wood stove business & installer –Distance (~200 miles away) –2 nd round of installations delayed two months due to snow –Attitude/not vested in the community

35. Successes  Partnerships & intern participation  16 tribal homes with EPA certified stoves –New stoves “burned off” before change out –Reduced indoor PM2.5 levels –Old stoves recycled –Installation inspection & training  Reduced ambient PM2.5 in each community  Interest outside of study communities  Future funding with the University of MT

36. Sign on a participant’s front door www.nativeasthma.org

37. Lessons Learned & Looking Forward  Installer –Purchase stoves from a local business –In a written agreement or in the bid  New stoves “burned off” pre-change out  Old stoves hauled to a recycler –Work towards having a tribal member become a National Fireplace Institute Certified Wood Burning Specialist  Homeowner –Written agreement about removing old stove  Wood stove fair in Fall ’08