1. BOMBARDING OF MATERIALS WITH EXPLOSION-ACCELERATED PARTICLES: EVALUATION OF DEVELOPED PRESSURES E.V. Petrov 1, R.G. Kirsanov 2, and A.L. Krivchenko 3 1 Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 2 Samara State Agricultural Academy, Ust-Kinelskii 3 Samara State Technical University, Samara

2. Objects of research 2 Cylinders h=40 mm, ø 24 mm material-(steel – U8) TiN – powder (t mel =2947 0 С, ρ=5,44 g/сm 3 ), particles size 45 – 57 μm (74%), used as the main material for practical purposes. Histogram of particles TiN W powder (t mel =3380 0 С, ρ=19,3 g/сm 3 ), particles size 13 – 16 μm (55%), used as model material Histogram of particles W

3. 3 Scheme of experiment 1 − detonator, 2 − explosive, 3 – air clearance, 4 – steel tube, 5 – ring, 6 – powder particles, 7 – sample (steel U8).

4. Investigations of the microhardness distribution at the depth of 4 mm, steel U8 sample height is 40 mm The increase of the samples hardness : 90 0 – by powder particles by 26 % 90 0 – by shock wave by 16 % 60 0 – by powder particles by 38 % 60 0 – by shock wave by 28 % 45 0 – by powder particles by 32 % 45 0 – by shock wave by 22 % Collision angle - 90 0 4 Collision angle - 60 0 Collision angle - 45 0

5. Cross-section of the sample X-ray spectral microanalysis (LEO-1450) The sample treated by TiN powder 5 TiN particles into the sample, depth ~ 2 мм, collision angle – 60 0 SpectrumCTiNFe 123.455.3623.1948.00 224.6311.0125.8438.52 Microanalysis of TiN particles (atomic%) Near-surface layer of obstacle, collision angle – 90 0 Penetration depth of TiN particles is about 2,1 – 2,3 mm that much more than initial particles size (60 μm), in 38 times

6. ElementApp. Conc. Weight % Atomic % C3,998,5445,77 Fe27,1925,9229,90 W1W1 52,5565,8220,57 W S1 58,0469,4724,33 The sample treated by W powder, collision angle is 90 0 6 W particles into the sample: 3 mm 0,126 mm Microanalysis W particles Near-surface layer of obstacle Penetration depth of W particles is about 126 μm that much more than initial particles size (14 μm ), in 9 times X-ray spectral microanalysis (LEO-1450)

7. 7 1. Experimental evaluation of pressure, with using electret polivinildihlorid transducer gave us values of 1-2 GPa (Aleksentseva S.E., Kalashnikov V.V., Krivchenko A.L., Tsivinskaya L.V., Interaction of Accelerated Particles with Metals, Abstr. Symp. on Synergism, Materials Structure, and Self-Assembling Technologies, Moscow, 1996, pp. 24–25. ) 2. To value the interaction parameters between particle flow( we study it as porous body) and steel sample we use the methodology agreed impedances. It’s shown: when the porosity (m) = 3,9 the incoming shock wave pressure (P) in steel = 34 GPa when the porosity (m) = 4,5 then P = 25 Gpa when the porosity (m) = 8 (the porosity of W particle flow in the experiment, ) then P = 10-13 GPa. (Kirsanov R.G. The study of the kinetics of the processes, changes in the structure and properties of metals under shock-wave action flux of discrete particles in the mode of super-deephpenetration: dissertation Candidate of Physical Mathematical Sciences: 01.04.07. / Samara, 1997. – 139 p. Estimated value of pressure in the collision flow of particles W and TiN with a steel sample

8. Estimated value of pressure in the collision flow of particles W and TiN with a steel sample Conservation equation of impulse where ρ 0 – density; D – speed of the shock jump; U – the mass velocity. where a and b – coefficients; For steel: а= 3800 m/s, b= 1,58 For W: а= 4010 m/s, b= 1,24 For TiN: а= 6280 m/s, b= 1,154 Numerical estimate: for W: Р = 62 GPa; for TiN: Р = 41 GPa. Linear equation of the shock adiabat 8

9. It is shown that interaction of the explosion-accelerated particle flow with the obstacle is accompanied by three types of interaction: 1.The relatively weak interaction of detonation products flow with the material of obstacles. Pressure in obstacle does not exceed the pressure of the elastic precursor - 1 GPa. 2.More stronger interaction of the particle flow with the material of obstacles. Pressure on whole of sample surface - 10-13 Gpa (calculated by the reflection of shock adiabats). 3.Locally strong interaction of the one particle with obstacle surface. In this case, pressure for W particles = 62 Gpa, TiN particles = 41 GPa (calculated from the equations of the shock adiabats). Сonclusions: 9

10. Thank you for attention 10